Why Am I Getting a \'Connection Refused\' Error When Connecting to MySQL on Localhost with PyMySQL?

Troubleshooting PyMySQL Connection Error when Connecting to MySQL on Localhost

When attempting to connect to a MySQL database on localhost using PyMySQL, you may encounter the error message:

socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection refused
pymysql.err.OperationalError: (2003, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (111)")

To address this issue, consider the following troubleshooting steps:

Verify MySQL Service Status

Ensure that the MySQL service is running. You can check via the command prompt:

mysqladmin -u root -p status

Network Connectivity

Confirm that the database host, typically localhost, is reachable from your computer. Run the following command:

ping localhost

Examine MySQL Socket Location

Execute the following command to determine the path to the MySQL socket:

mysqladmin variables | grep socket

Set the unix_socket parameter in your PyMySQL connection string to the retrieved path. For example:

<code class="python">pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', unix_socket="/tmp/mysql.sock")</code>

Verify MySQL Port

Use the command below to check the port used by your MySQL server:

mysqladmin variables | grep port

If the port is not the default 3306, set the port parameter in your PyMySQL connection string:

<code class="python">pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', host='localhost', port=XXXX)</code>

Additional Troubleshooting Tips

• Disable firewalls or antivirus software that may be blocking the database connection.
• Ensure that the specified database user has access to the 'base' database.
• Restart the MySQL service after making any configuration changes.

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