How to Create a Unified Legend for Multiple Matplotlib Subplots?

Creating a Unified Legend for Multiple Matplotlib Subplots

When using Matplotlib to visualize data in multiple subplots, it can be desirable to display a single comprehensive legend that applies to all subplots. Despite having different data values, the subplots may share the same line labels.

Solution:

The get_legend_handles_labels() function can be utilized to gather legend labels from all subplots:

<code class="python">handles, labels = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()</code>

Where ax represents the axis object of the final subplot in the grid.

To display the single legend, invoke:

<code class="python">fig.legend(handles, labels, loc='upper center')</code>

Pyplot Interface:

If employing the pyplot interface, retrieve legend elements with:

<code class="python">handles, labels = plt.gca().get_legend_handles_labels()</code>

Additional Notes:

• For subplot legend removal, refer to "Remove the legend on a matplotlib figure."
• To merge legends across subplots sharing the x-axis, consult "Secondary axis with twinx(): how to add to legend."

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