How to Use Baltic Characters in CMD Commands with Visual Studio 2019 C ?

Using Baltic Characters in Visual Studio 2019 C Project and Executing CMD Commands with Them

Visual Studio 2019 C projects provide support for Baltic characters. To use these characters, the project must be configured to use UTF-8 encoding. This can be done by adding the following code to the project's source file:

<code class="cpp">#include <iostream>
#include <locale>

int main()
{
    std::locale::global(std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));
    std::cout << "ĀāĀā" << std::endl;
}

Once the project is configured to use UTF-8 encoding, Baltic characters can be used in console applications and in CMD commands.

Converting Baltic Characters to Hex Strings

In order to execute CMD commands with Baltic characters, they must first be converted to hex strings. This can be done using the following code:

<code class="cpp">#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>

std::string toHexString(const std::string& str)
{
    std::stringstream ss;
    for (char c : str)
    {
        ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << (int)static_cast<unsigned char>(c);
    }
    return ss.str();
}</code>

Executing CMD Commands with Baltic Characters

Once the Baltic characters have been converted to hex strings, they can be used to execute CMD commands. This can be done using the following code:

<code class="cpp">#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    STARTUPINFO si;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

    ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
    si.cb = sizeof(si);
    ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));

    std::string cmd = "cmd /c echo ";
    cmd += "ĀāĀā";

    if (!CreateProcess(NULL, (LPSTR)cmd.c_str(), NULL, NULL, FALSE, CREATE_NO_WINDOW, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi)) 
    {
        std::cerr << "Error executing command" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);

    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    return 0;
}</code>

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