How to Validate the Uniqueness of Multiple Columns in Laravel?

Validating Multiple Columns for Uniqueness in Laravel

In Laravel, the unique validation rule ensures the uniqueness of a value in a specified database column. However, when dealing with multiple columns, it isn't straightforward to validate their combined uniqueness.

Considering the question, we have two columns, ip and hostname, in the servers table. To validate that a new record with a specific ip value doesn't already exist in the table alongside an existing hostname value, we can utilize Rule::unique.

The following code snippet demonstrates how to achieve the desired validation:

<code class="php">$messages = [
    'data.ip.unique' => 'Given ip and hostname are not unique',
];

Validator::make($data, [
    'data.ip' => [
        'required',
        Rule::unique('servers')
            ->where(function ($query) use ($ip, $hostname) {
                return $query->where('ip', $ip)
                    ->where('hostname', $hostname);
            }),
    ],
], $messages);</code>

This validation rule checks if a record with the same ip and hostname combination already exists in the servers table. If so, it returns an error message according to the custom message specified in $messages. By defining the where closure, we can specify the exact conditions for uniqueness, ensuring that both ip and hostname values are taken into consideration.

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