When should I use `$model->relation()` vs. `$model->relation()` in Laravel Eloquent?

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Difference between Method Calls $model->relation(); and $model->relation in Eloquent

In Laravel's Eloquent ORM, understanding the distinction between $model->relation(); and $model->relation is crucial.

$model->relation()

Invoking $model->relation() directly calls the relationship function defined in the model. This function typically resembles:

<code class="php">public function distributors()
{
    return $this->hasMany('Distributor');
}</code>

By calling $store->distributors(), you obtain the return value of $this->hasMany('Distributor'), which is an instance of IlluminateDatabaseEloquentRelationsHasMany.

When to Utilize $model->relation(): This method is valuable when you need to tailor the relationship query further before executing it. For instance:

<code class="php">$distributors = $store->distributors()->where('priority', '>', 4)->get();</code>

Using $store->distributors()->get() is a simpler alternative, but it yields the same outcome.

$model->relation

Laravel employs a behind-the-scenes technique that enables direct access to relationship results as properties. Invoking $model->relation does not actually access an existing property. Instead, Laravel intercepts this call and routes it to __get().

This method ultimately calls getAttribute() with the property name ('distributors'), which proceeds to check if the relationship is cached ('relations' array). If not, and if a relationship method exists, it attempts to load it (getRelationshipFromMethod). Finally, the model retrieves the results from the relationship through getResults(), which executes the query.

In essence, $model->relation is equivalent to $model->relation()->get(), returning the results of the relationship directly.

Conclusion

• $model->relation() returns the relationship object itself, allowing for further query customizations.
• $model->relation directly retrieves the query results, providing a convenient shortcut.

Understanding this difference is vital for effective Eloquent usage.

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