How are Submodule Versions Managed in Go Repositories?

Managing Submodule Versions in Go

Go repositories can contain multiple submodules, each with its own go.mod file. This raises the question of how versions of submodules are managed.

Understanding Submodule Versioning

Unlike traditional submodules in git, the versions of submodules in Go are not directly tied to the versions of the parent module. They should be treated as separate modules that share a common repository.

Resolving Conflicting Versions

In the example provided, the conflict arises because the root module and a submodule have the same name. This can cause the go command to become confused when trying to resolve the location of the submodule.

Hierarchical Git Tags

Go supports hierarchical git tags to mark versions of submodules. These tags follow the following format: /path/to/submodule/vX.Y.Z. For instance, while the latest version of the vault module is 1.3.3, the latest hierarchical tag for vault/api submodule is v1.0.4.

Managing Submodule Releases

To resolve version conflicts and manage submodule releases effectively, consider the following steps:

1. Check Official Release Tags: Visit the corresponding GitHub release pages (e.g., https://github.com/hashicorp/vault/releases) to determine the latest official releases of submodules.
2. Use Hierarchical Tags: Use hierarchical git tags when referencing submodule versions in go.mod. This ensures that the correct version is resolved.
3. Avoid Specifying Versions Initially: When importing submodules initially using go get, it's not necessary to specify versions. Go will fetch the latest available versions.

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