Why is cURL Throwing \'A problem occurred somewhere in the SSL/TLS handshake\' Error When Using HTTPS?

Error: "A Problem Occurred Somewhere in the SSL/TLS Handshake" Using cURL

In the realm of cURL, users may encounter an enigmatic error message: "A problem occurred somewhere in the SSL/TLS handshake." This perplexing issue arises when cURL encounters difficulties establishing a secure connection over HTTPS.

The Problem

The provided context reveals a developer's quandary where cURL flawlessly handles HTTP requests but falters when encountering HTTPS, even when targeting the same resource using different protocols. cURL's error response, code 35, points toward an issue within the SSL/TLS handshake.

Failed Attempts

The developer meticulously explored potential solutions, including disabling SSL certificate verification (CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER) and attempting to download and configure a certificate authority (CA) certificate (CURLOPT_CAINFO). However, these efforts proved futile.

The Solution

After thoroughly delving into the issue, our expert uncovers that cURL lacks built-in root certificates. To rectify this, the developer must explicitly direct cURL to a trusted CA certificate file (cacert.pem). By specifying the path to this file using CURLOPT_CAINFO, cURL can verify the authenticity of the SSL certificate provided by the remote server.

The cacert.pem file can be acquired from a reputable source, such as the official cURL documentation (http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html). By incorporating this certificate, cURL can establish a secure connection and retrieve the requested HTTPS resource.

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