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Python Packaging: Distutils, Setuptools, and the Rest - Which One Should You Use?

Patricia Arquette

Oct 29, 2024 pm 07:41 PM

Python Packaging: Distutils, Setuptools, and the Rest - Which One Should You Use?

Distutils, Distribute, Setuptools, and Distutils2: Untangling the Enigma

In the realm of Python package management, navigating the landscape can be akin to navigating a labyrinth. Distutils, Distribute, Setuptools, and Distutils2 emerge as key players, often leaving developers scratching their heads over their differences and functionalities.

Distutils: The Foundation

As part of Python's standard library, Distutils forms the bedrock of Python package distribution. Despite its age, it remains adequate for handling basic Python distribution tasks. However, its limitations start to show when dealing with more complex operations.

Distribute: The Evolution of Setuptools

Distribute emerged as a fork of Setuptools, aiming to improve command-line utilities and provide a more flexible interface. It ultimately merged back into Setuptools, making it no longer necessary as a separate installation.

Setuptools: The Enhanced Extension

Setuptools aims to extend and complement Distutils with its enhanced features, such as improved command-line handling, support for newer Python versions, and a user-friendly API. It's a widely used package that works seamlessly with Pip, a popular package installer.

Distutils2: The Unfulfilled Promise

Distutils2 aimed to combine the best features of Distutils, Setuptools, and Distribute. However, the project was eventually abandoned, leaving it outdated and no longer recommended as a viable option.

Current Landscape and Recommendation

As of May 2022, the Python packaging landscape has undergone notable changes. Setuptools, along with supporting libraries like Distlib and Packaging, have emerged as the preferred choice for most distribution tasks. Distutils, while still included in Python's standard library, is considered deprecated for Python 3.10 onwards.

If venturing into the world of Python package management for the first time, Setuptools is an excellent starting point. Its compatibility with Pip and Virtualenv makes it a convenient and effective combination. By embracing Setuptools, developers can simplify their distribution woes and unlock the full potential of Python package management.

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