How can I monitor Internet connectivity changes in my Android application?

Android: Monitoring Internet Connectivity Changes

To monitor internet connectivity changes, Android provides the ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback class. This allows for more granular listening compared to the traditional BroadcastReceiver. Here's how to implement it:

<code class="java">public class ConnectivityMonitor extends ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback {

    @Override
    public void onAvailable(Network network) {
        // Internet connectivity is available
        Log.d("Connectivity", "Internet connected");
    }

    @Override
    public void onLost(Network network) {
        // Internet connectivity is lost
        Log.d("Connectivity", "Internet disconnected");
    }
}</code>

To register this callback, you need to create a ConnectivityManager instance and call the registerNetworkCallback method:

<code class="java">ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
connectivityManager.registerNetworkCallback(new NetworkRequest.Builder().build(), new ConnectivityMonitor());</code>

You can also use pre-defined connectivity states from ConnectivityManager:

<code class="java">if (connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo() != null) {
    // Connected to a network
    if (connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo().isConnectedToWifi()) {
        // Connected via WiFi
    } else {
        // Connected via mobile data
    }
} else {
    // Not connected to a network
}</code>

Remember to unregister the callback when you're done:

<code class="java">connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(new ConnectivityMonitor());</code>

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