How to List and Access Variables in a Python Shell?

Exploring Variable Definitions in Python

When working within a Python shell, it can be convenient to view all defined variables at a given point. This allows you to monitor variable names, values, and track usage.

Retrieve Scope-Aware Variable Lists:

To list all variables within the current scope, use the dir() function. This provides a list of strings representing the defined variables. For example:

<code class="python">>>> dir()
['__annotations__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__']</code>

Obtain Global and Local Variables:

To specifically access global or local variables, use the globals() and locals() functions. These return dictionaries containing the corresponding variables as key-value pairs.

Here's how to retrieve globals:

<code class="python">>>> globals()['__name__']
'__main__'</code>

And locals:

<code class="python">def my_function():
    local_var = 10

>>> my_function()
>>> locals()['local_var']
10</code>

By utilizing these methods, you can comprehensively inspect the defined variables during Python code execution, ensuring code clarity and reducing variable collision risks.

The above is the detailed content of How to List and Access Variables in a Python Shell?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!