How to Generate Random Strings with Custom Length and Uniqueness in Golang?

Generating Unique Random Strings with a Specified Length in Golang

Question: How can I generate random strings with a unique length within a specified range using Golang?

Answer:

Defining Uniqueness Levels

The level of uniqueness depends on the specific requirements. For truly universally unique strings, consider UUIDs, which provide a globally unique identifier. UUIDs consist of 122 random bits, resulting in a 32-character hexadecimal representation.

Displaying UUIDs

UUIDs can be displayed in different formats:

• Hexadecimal: 32 characters consisting of 0-9 and A-F
• Decimal: 13 characters consisting of 0-9 (limited by the number of characters in a decimal place)

Generating Pseudo-Random Strings

For pseudo-random strings that are not universally unique, the following approaches can be used:

• Cryptographic Random Bytes: Use rand.Read() to generate a random byte array and encode it as a hexadecimal string.

<code class="go">package main

import (
    "crypto/rand"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    n := 10
    b := make([]byte, n)
    if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    s := fmt.Sprintf("%X", b)
    fmt.Println(s)
}</code>

This method provides random strings with no particular uniqueness guarantees.

Additional Considerations:

• Golang strings are encoded in UTF-8, which allows for a wide range of characters.
• Unicode provides ample code points for generating longer, unique strings.
• UUIDs are the preferred option for generating universally unique strings.
• For pseudo-random strings, the length of the string directly affects the level of randomness and uniqueness.

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