How to Resolve \"Library not Loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib\" Error in Django on macOS El Capitan?

Library not Loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib due to Unsafe Relative Path

Problem Statement:

When running Django's "python manage.py runserver" command, an error occurs due to an unsafe use of a relative path in "_mysql.so" while loading the MySQLdb module. The error reads:

ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
  Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
  Reason: unsafe use of relative rpath libmysqlclient.18.dylib in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so with restricted binary

Resolution:

This error arises because macOS El Capitan introduces System Integrity Protection, which restricts programs from accessing shared libraries using relative references. "_mysql.so" has a relative reference to "libmysqlclient.18.dylib," but this is now prohibited.

To resolve this, an absolute reference must be forced for "_mysql.so" using the "install_name_tool" utility. Here's how:

1. Ensure that "libmysqlclient.18.dylib" is located in "/usr/local/mysql/lib/".
2. Run the following command in the Terminal:

sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib \
  /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib \
  /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

This command modifies "_mysql.so" to use the absolute path to "libmysqlclient.18.dylib," thereby resolving the unsafe relative path issue.

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