How to Distinguish Device Tokens from Account Tokens in FCM for Multiple User Scenarios?

FCM Token Management: Confusion between Device and Account

When utilizing Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) within your Android application, you may encounter a scenario where multiple users access the app from the same device. This can lead to the creation of multiple FCM tokens for the same device in your database, causing confusion during notifications.

Token Representation

It's important to understand that FCM tokens represent the app instance on a device, regardless of user accounts. Every app installed on a device generates a unique token, even if different users log in or out of the app. Therefore, subsequent user logins do not affect the existing token associated with the app instance.

Handling Multiple Users

In the case of multiple users using the same device, the FCM token will remain the same for the app instance. To handle user-specific notifications, you should implement a mechanism to associate user accounts with the FCM token. Upon logout, remove the association between the old user account and the FCM token. When a new user logs in, create a new association with the same FCM token but the updated user account.

Token Validity

The FCM token is not affected by user behavior like switching users within the app. However, uninstalling and reinstalling the app will trigger the generation of a new FCM token. This is due to the creation of a new app instance on the device.

Therefore, it's recommended to handle user-specific FCM token management through associations in your database, while ensuring that the FCM token remains the same for the app instance on the device. This allows you to send targeted notifications to specific users without token duplication or confusion.

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