How Do const, &, and && Qualifiers Affect Member Functions in C ?

Const Member Functions and Reference Qualifiers in C

C provides a variety of specifiers for member functions, including const, &, and &&. These specifiers influence the usage and behavior of the member functions.

const& Qualifier

The const& qualifier specifies that the member function can only be called on constant, non-constant, and lvalue objects. For example:

<code class="cpp">const A a = A();
*a; // calls the `*` operator on the `a` object</code>

& Qualifier

The & qualifier specifies that the member function can only be called on non-constant objects:

<code class="cpp">A a;
*a; // calls the `*` operator on the `a` object</code>

&& Qualifier

The && qualifier specifies that the member function can only be called on rvalue objects:

<code class="cpp">*A(); // calls the `*` operator on an rvalue object returned by `A()`</code>

These qualifiers allow for more precise control over the usage of member functions, including const correctness and lvalue/rvalue distinction.

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