Accessing Parent Class Variables in PHP
When working with inheritance, it becomes necessary to access variables from the parent class. In the provided example, class B extends class A and attempts to echo the variable $bb, which is defined as protected in the parent class. However, an error is thrown, indicating that $bb is an undefined class constant.
To display the parent variable in the child class, use the following syntax:
<code class="php">echo $this->bb;</code>
Unlike private variables, which cannot be accessed outside of the class, protected variables are accessible within child classes. Therefore, $bb can be directly accessed through the $this keyword within the child class. The expected result of 'parent bb' will be printed as expected.
Additional Information: Usage of parent::
The parent:: syntax is used when you want to extend the functionality of a method from the parent class. Unlike the example provided in the question, where the child class merely accesses a parent variable, parent:: allows you to modify or enhance the behavior of an inherited method.
For instance, if the parent class Airplane has a private variable $pilot and a constructor that assigns a pilot to the $pilot variable:
<code class="php">class Airplane { private $pilot; public function __construct($pilot) { $this->pilot = $pilot; } }</code>
And you wish to create a Bomber class that extends Airplane and adds a navigator variable and an extended constructor:
<code class="php">class Bomber extends Airplane { private $navigator; public function __construct($pilot, $navigator) { $this->navigator = $navigator; parent::__construct($pilot); // Assigns $pilot to $this->pilot } }</code>
By using parent::__construct($pilot), you can call the parent class's constructor from the child class, assigning the pilot argument to the $pilot variable in the child class while still adding the navigator functionality. This allows you to reuse existing code from the parent class and customize it in the child class, adhering to the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle.
The above is the detailed content of How to Access Parent Class Variables in Child Classes in PHP. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Long URLs, often cluttered with keywords and tracking parameters, can deter visitors. A URL shortening script offers a solution, creating concise links ideal for social media and other platforms. These scripts are valuable for individual websites a

Following its high-profile acquisition by Facebook in 2012, Instagram adopted two sets of APIs for third-party use. These are the Instagram Graph API and the Instagram Basic Display API.As a developer building an app that requires information from a

Laravel simplifies handling temporary session data using its intuitive flash methods. This is perfect for displaying brief messages, alerts, or notifications within your application. Data persists only for the subsequent request by default: $request-

This is the second and final part of the series on building a React application with a Laravel back-end. In the first part of the series, we created a RESTful API using Laravel for a basic product-listing application. In this tutorial, we will be dev

Laravel provides concise HTTP response simulation syntax, simplifying HTTP interaction testing. This approach significantly reduces code redundancy while making your test simulation more intuitive. The basic implementation provides a variety of response type shortcuts: use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http; Http::fake([ 'google.com' => 'Hello World', 'github.com' => ['foo' => 'bar'], 'forge.laravel.com' =>

The PHP Client URL (cURL) extension is a powerful tool for developers, enabling seamless interaction with remote servers and REST APIs. By leveraging libcurl, a well-respected multi-protocol file transfer library, PHP cURL facilitates efficient execution of various network protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. This extension offers granular control over HTTP requests, supports multiple concurrent operations, and provides built-in security features.

Do you want to provide real-time, instant solutions to your customers' most pressing problems? Live chat lets you have real-time conversations with customers and resolve their problems instantly. It allows you to provide faster service to your custom

The 2025 PHP Landscape Survey investigates current PHP development trends. It explores framework usage, deployment methods, and challenges, aiming to provide insights for developers and businesses. The survey anticipates growth in modern PHP versio


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Safe Exam Browser
Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools
