Can XPath Queries Become Case-Insensitive Using contains()?

Case-Insensitive XPath contains() Function

Question:

Can XPath queries be made case-insensitive when using the contains() function to search for text nodes?

Answer:

Yes, case-insensitive XPath queries are possible using the following techniques:

Using translate() and contains():

This method involves translating the node value and the search string to lowercase before using the contains() function:

/html/body//text()[
  contains(
    translate(., 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'),
    'test'
  )
]

Using Host Language to Build Dynamic XPath Expression:

If possible, create a dynamic XPath expression using a host language like JavaScript:

<code class="javascript">function xpathPrepare(xpath, searchString) {
  return xpath.replace("$u", searchString.toUpperCase())
              .replace("$l", searchString.toLowerCase())
              .replace("$s", searchString.toLowerCase());
}

xp = xpathPrepare("//text()[contains(translate(., '$u', '$l'), '$s')]", "Test");</code>

This method translates only the necessary characters in the search string, making it suitable for any search term.

Considerations:

• Both methods fail when search strings contain single quotes.
• Using special elements like to mark relevant text can simplify XPath queries.

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