How to Efficiently Extract Page Content Using cURL with Error Handling?

How to Extract Page Content Using cURL: A Detailed Solution

Understanding the Issue

When attempting to scrape the HTML content of a web page using cURL, it's common to encounter redirections or "page moved" errors. This can often be attributed to specially encoded characters in the query string.

Optimization for cURL:

To effectively retrieve the page content without encountering these issues, optimize your cURL code as follows:

<code class="php">function get_web_page($url) {
    $user_agent='Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:8.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/8.0';

    $options = array(
        CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST  => "GET",
        CURLOPT_POST           => false,
        CURLOPT_USERAGENT      => $user_agent,
        CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE     => "cookie.txt", 
        CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR      => "cookie.txt",
        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
        CURLOPT_HEADER         => false,
        CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => true,
        CURLOPT_ENCODING       => "",
        CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER    => true,
        CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT => 120,
        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT        => 120,
        CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS      => 10,
    );

    $ch      = curl_init($url);
    curl_setopt_array($ch, $options);
    $content = curl_exec($ch);
    $err     = curl_errno($ch);
    $errmsg  = curl_error($ch);
    $header  = curl_getinfo($ch);
    curl_close($ch);

    $header['errno']   = $err;
    $header['errmsg']  = $errmsg;
    $header['content'] = $content;
    return $header;
}</code>

Example:

Retrieve and handle potential errors while reading the page:

<code class="php">$result = get_web_page($url);

if ($result['errno'] != 0)
    // Error handling for invalid URL, timeout, or redirect loops.

if ($result['http_code'] != 200)
    // Error handling for issues like missing page, permission denial, or unavailability.

$page = $result['content'];</code>

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