How to Mock Requests Module Responses in Python

Mocking Requests to Control Responses

In Python, the mock package provides a powerful way to mock external modules or classes, allowing you to manipulate behavior and validate interactions. In the context of HTTP requests, mocking the Requests module can be particularly useful for testing code that relies on external services.

Step 1: Mock the Requests Module

To mock the Requests module, you'll need to patch the get() function with a custom function that returns the desired responses. You can define a mock method like this:

<code class="python">def mocked_requests_get(url, **kwargs):
  if url == "aurl":
    return MockResponse("a response")
  elif url == "burl":
    return MockResponse("b response")
  else:
    raise Exception("URL not mocked")</code>

Note that this method expects a valid URL and returns a MockResponse object, which represents the pretend response with predefined content.

Step 2: Patch the Original Requests Module

Once you have defined the mock method, you can patch the original requests.get() with it using the @mock.patch decorator. This will replace all calls to requests.get() in the code you are testing with your mocked behavior.

<code class="python">@mock.patch("requests.get", side_effect=mocked_requests_get)
def test_myview(self, mock_get):
  # Your test goes here</code>

Step 3: Call the View and Verify Responses

Now you can call your function as usual and verify that the expected responses were obtained. The mock object can be inspected to assert that the get() function was called with specific arguments and returned the desired values.

Example Code:

<code class="python">import requests
from unittest import mock

class MyViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ...
    def test_myview(self, mock_get):
        self.assertEqual(res1.text, "a response")
        self.assertEqual(res2.text, "b response")
        self.assertEqual(res3.text, "c response")

        # Verify mock calls
        mock_get.assert_called_with('aurl')
        mock_get.assert_called_with('burl')
        mock_get.assert_called_with('curl')</code>

Remember to verify both the text content of the responses and the call count and arguments passed to your mock method. This allows you to ensure that the expected interactions took place and the desired behavior was achieved.

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