CakePHP Form Handling

CakePHP provides various in built tags to handle HTML forms easily and securely. Like many other PHP frameworks, major elements of HTML are also generated using CakePHP. Following are the various functions used to generate HTML elements.

The following functions are used to generate select options −

Syntax

_selectOptions( array $elementsarray(), array $parentsarray(), boolean $showParentsnull, array $attributesarray() )

Parameters

• Syntax	_selectOptions( array $elementsarray(), array $parentsarray(), boolean $showParentsnull, array $attributesarray() )
  Parameters	Elements to format Parents for OPTGROUP Whether to show parents HTML attributes
  Returns	array
  Description	Returns an array of formatted OPTION/OPTGROUP elements

  Elements to format

• Parents for OPTGROUP

• Whether to show parents
• HTML attributes

  Syntax	select( string $fieldName, array $options array(), array $attributes array() )
  Parameters	Name attribute of the SELECT Array of the OPTION elements (as 'value'=>'Text' pairs) to be used in the SELECT element.
  Returns	Formatted SELECT element.
  Description	Returns a formatted SELECT element.

Returns

array

Description

Returns an array of formatted OPTION/OPTGROUP elements

The following functions are used to generate HTML select element.

Syntax

select( string $fieldName, array $options array(), array $attributes array() )

Parameters

Syntax	Button(string $title, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	The button's caption. Not automatically HTML encoded. Array of options and HTML attributes
Returns	HTML button tag.
Description	Creates a tag. The type attribute defaults to type="submit". You can change it to a different value by using $options['type'].

Name attribute of the SELECT

Array of the OPTION elements (as 'value'=>'Text' pairs) to be used in the SELECT element.

Returns

Formatted SELECT element.

Description

Returns a formatted SELECT element.

The following functions are used

to generate button

Syntax	Checkbox(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes. Possible options are value, checked, hiddenField, disabled, default.
Returns	An HTML text input element.
Description	Creates a checkbox input widget.

on HTML page.

Syntax

Button(string $title, array $optionsarray() )

Parameters

• The button's caption. Not automatically HTML encoded.

• Syntax	create( mixed $modelnull , array $optionsarray() )
  Parameters	The model name for which the form is being defined. Should include the plugin name for plugin models. e.g. ContactManager.Contact. If an array is passed and $options argument is empty, the array will be used as options. If false, no model is used. An array of html attributes and options. Possible options are type, action, url, default, onsubmit, inputDefaults, encoding.
  Returns	A formatted opening FORM tag.
  Description	Returns an HTML FORM element.

  Array of options and HTML attributes

Returns

HTML button tag.

Description

Creates a tag. The type attribute defaults to

type="submit"

. You can change it to a different value by using

Syntax	file(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes.
Returns	A generated file input.
Description	Creates file input widget.

$options['type'].

The following functions are used to generate checkbox on HTML page.

Syntax	Checkbox(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes. Possible options are value, checked, hiddenField, disabled, default.
Returns	An HTML text input element.
Description	Creates a checkbox input widget.

The following functions are used to create form on HTML page.

Syntax	create( mixed $modelnull , array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	The model name for which the form is being defined. Should include the plugin name for plugin models. e.g. ContactManager.Contact. If an array is passed and $options argument is empty, the array will be used as options. If false, no model is used. An array of html attributes and options. Possible options are type, action, url, default, onsubmit, inputDefaults, encoding.
Returns	A formatted opening FORM tag.
Description	Returns an HTML FORM element.

The following functions are used to provide file uploading functionality on HTML page.

Syntax	file(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes.
Returns	A generated file input.
Description	Creates file input widget.

The following functions are used to create hidden element on HTML page.

Syntax

Syntax	hidden( string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, in the form of "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes.
Returns	A generated hidden input
Description	Creates a hidden input field

hidden( string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() )

Parameters

• Name of a field, in the form of "Modelname.fieldname"

• Array of HTML attributes.

Returns

A generated hidden input

Syntax	Input(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters	This should be "Modelname.fieldname" Each type of input takes different options
Returns	Completed form widget
Description	Generates a form input element complete with label and wrapper div

Description

Creates a hidden input field

The following functions are used to generate input element

on HTML page.

Syntax	Radio(string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() , array $attributesarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname" Radio button options array. Array of HTML attributes, and special attributes above.
Returns	Completed radio widget set
Description	Creates a set of radio widgets. Will create a legend and fieldset by default. Use $options to control this.

Syntax

Input(string $fieldName , array $options array() )

Parameters

• This should be "Modelname.fieldname"
• Each type of input takes different options

  Syntax	Submit(string $caption null, array $options array() )
  Parameters	The label appearing on the button OR if string contains :// or the extension .jpg, .jpe, .jpeg, .gif, .png. Use an image if the extension exists, AND the first character is /, image is relative to webroot, OR if the first character is not /, image is relative to webroot/img. Array of options. Possible options are div, before, after, type etc.
  Returns	An HTML submit button
  Description	Creates a submit button element. This method will generate elements that can be used to submit, and reset forms by using $options. Image submits can be created by supplying an image path for $caption.

Returns

Completed form widget

Description

Generates a form input element complete with label and wrapper div

The following functions are used to generate

Syntax	Textarea(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters	Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes, special option like escape
Returns	A generated HTML text input element
Description	Creates a textarea widget

radio button

on HTML page.

Syntax	Radio(string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() , array $attributesarray() )
Parameters	Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname" Radio button options array. Array of HTML attributes, and special attributes above.
Returns	Completed radio widget set
Description	Creates a set of radio widgets. Will create a legend and fieldset by default. Use $options to control this.

<?php use Cake\Http\Middleware\CsrfProtectionMiddleware;
use Cake\Routing\Route\DashedRoute;
use Cake\Routing\RouteBuilder;
$routes->setRouteClass(DashedRoute::class);
$routes->scope('/', function (RouteBuilder $builder) {
   $builder->registerMiddleware('csrf', new CsrfProtectionMiddleware([
      'httpOnly' => true,
   ]));
   $builder->applyMiddleware('csrf');
   //$builder->connect('/pages',['controller'=>'Pages','action'=>'display', 'home']);
   $builder->connect('register',['controller'=>'Registrations','action'=>'index']);
   $builder->fallbacks();
});

The following functions are used to generate submit button on HTML page.

Syntax	Submit(string $caption null, array $options array() )
Parameters	The label appearing on the button OR if string contains :// or the extension .jpg, .jpe, .jpeg, .gif, .png. Use an image if the extension exists, AND the first character is /, image is relative to webroot, OR if the first character is not /, image is relative to webroot/img. Array of options. Possible options are div, before, after, type etc.
Returns	An HTML submit button
Description	Creates a submit button element. This method will generate elements that can be used to submit, and reset forms by using $options. Image submits can be created by supplying an image path for $caption.

<?php namespace App\Controller;
   use App\Controller\AppController;
   class RegistrationsController extends AppController{
      public function index(){
         $country = array('India','United State of America','United Kingdom');
         $this->set('country',$country);
         $gender = array('Male','Female');
         $this->set('gender',$gender);
      }
   }
?>

The following functions are used

to generate textarea element on HTML page.

Syntax	Textarea(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters	Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname" Array of HTML attributes, special option like escape
Returns	A generated HTML text input element
Description	Creates a textarea widget

Example

Make changes in the

<?php echo $this->Form->create(NULL,array('url'=>'/register'));
   echo '<label for="country">Country</label>';
   echo $this->Form->select('country',$country);
   echo '<label for="gender">Gender</label>';
   echo $this->Form->radio('gender ',$gender);
   echo '<label for="address">Address</label>';
   echo $this->Form->textarea('address');
   echo $this->Form->file('profilepic');
   echo '<div>'.$this->Form->checkbox('terms').
      '<label for="country">Terms &mp; CakePHP Form Handlings</label>
</div>';
   echo $this->Form->button('Submit');
   echo $this->Form->end();
?>

config/routes.php

file as shown in the following code.

config/routes.php

Create a RegistrationsController.php file at src/Controller/RegistrationsController.php. Copy the following code in the controller file. src/Controller/RegistrationsController.php Create a directory Registrations at src/Template and under that directory, create a View file called index.php. Copy the following code in that file. src/Template/Registrations/index.php Execute the above example by visiting the following URL − http://localhost/cakephp4/register Output Upon execution, you will receive the following output.

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