Recursion is a technique where a function calls itself. It is a programming pattern that solves a larger problem by breaking it down into smaller problems. Using recursion in JavaScript we can do things like loop or iteration, but recursion can be simpler and more transparent to solve some problems.
How does recursion work?
Recursion has two main parts:
- Base Case: This is the condition where the function will no longer call itself. It acts as a stopping point for the recursive function. A recursive function without a base case can sometimes cause a stack overflow (ie, running out of memory due to repeated calls to the function).
- Recursive Case: This is the part where the function calls itself, trying to solve the problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
eg:
- Factorial calculation: Factorial is the sum of products of all numbers from a number to 1. For example, n!=n×(n−1)×(n−2)×...×1 5! = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120.
Factorial is the product of all positive integers from that number to 1.
function factorial(n) { // Base case: n যদি 1 হয়, তাহলে 1 রিটার্ন করো if (n === 1) { return 1; } // Recursive case: n * factorial(n-1) return n * factorial(n - 1); } console.log(factorial(5)); // Output: 120
Here, the factorial function is calling itself until n becomes 1. When n is 1, the function no longer calls itself and returns 1. This result is progressively returned through previous calls, and the original call returns 120 as the final result.
When factorial(5) is called, it will first call 5 * factorial(4) and so on until factorial(0) where the base case condition is met.
- Fibonacci Series: The Fibonacci series is a famous example where each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. F(n)=F(n−1)+F(n−2)
The Fibonacci series is a series of numbers where the first two numbers are 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the two preceding numbers. For example, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, …
function fibonacci(n) { // Base cases: n যদি 0 বা 1 হয়, সরাসরি n রিটার্ন করো if (n === 0 || n === 1) { return n; } // Recursive case: fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2) return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2); } console.log(fibonacci(6)); // Output: 8
Explanation:
- Base Cases: If the value of n is 0, fibonacci(0) returns 0. If the value of n is 1, fibonacci(1) returns 1.
- Recursive Case: In any other case, fibonacci(n) will call itself with n−1 and n−2 and return their sum.
Answer Explanation:
- fibonacci(0) = 0
- fibonacci(1) = 1
- fibonacci(2) = fibonacci(1) + fibonacci(0) = 1 + 0 = 1
- fibonacci(3) = fibonacci(2) + fibonacci(1) = 1 + 1 = 2
- fibonacci(4) = fibonacci(3) + fibonacci(2) = 2 + 1 = 3
- fibonacci(5) = fibonacci(4) + fibonacci(3) = 3 + 2 = 5
- fibonacci(6) = fibonacci(5) + fibonacci(4) = 5 + 3 = 8
এভাবে fibonacci(6) এর মান দাঁড়ায় 8, যা 6-তম ফিবোনাচি সংখ্যা।
- Tree Traversal: Tree ডেটা স্ট্রাকচারে একটি Recursive Function ব্যবহার করে DFS (Depth-First Search) করা যেতে পারে।
javascriptCopy code function traverseTree(node) { console.log(node.value); node.children.forEach(child => traverseTree(child)); } const tree = { value: 1, children: [ { value: 2, children: [] }, { value: 3, children: [ { value: 4, children: [] }, { value: 5, children: [] } ] } ] }; traverseTree(tree); // Output: // 1 // 2 // 3 // 4 // 5
Recursion এর উপকারিতা এবং অসুবিধা
- উপকারিতা
- কোড সরলতা: Recursion জটিল সমস্যাকে সহজভাবে প্রকাশ করতে সাহায্য করে, বিশেষ করে এমন সমস্যা যেখানে সমস্যাগুলি নিজের অনুরূপ।
- কোড পুনরাবৃত্তি: Recursion প্রায়শই কোডের পুনরাবৃত্তি দূর করে এবং সমাধানগুলোকে ছোট এবং পরিষ্কার করে।
- কিছু নির্দিষ্ট সমস্যা সমাধানে কার্যকর: যেমন Tree এবং Graph ডেটা স্ট্রাকচার traversal, অথবা Mathematical series এবং sequences।
- অসুবিধা
- পারফরম্যান্স: প্রত্যেকটি recursive কল একটি নতুন execution context তৈরি করে, যা stack memory তে সংরক্ষণ করা হয়। অতিরিক্ত recursion এর ফলে stack overflow এর ঝুঁকি থাকে।
- জটিলতা: সাধারণ লুপের তুলনায় কিছু ক্ষেত্রে recursion বোঝা কঠিন হতে পারে, বিশেষ করে শুরুতে।
- অকার্যকর ফাংশন: কিছু ক্ষেত্রে, recursion অকার্যকর হতে পারে, যদি recursive ফাংশনের প্রতিটি কলের ফলে অনেক অপ্রয়োজনীয় গণনা হয়। এক্ষেত্রে Memoization বা Iterative পদ্ধতির ব্যবহার অধিক কার্যকরী।
The above is the detailed content of Detailed discussion about Recursion in JavaScript. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

The main difference between Python and JavaScript is the type system and application scenarios. 1. Python uses dynamic types, suitable for scientific computing and data analysis. 2. JavaScript adopts weak types and is widely used in front-end and full-stack development. The two have their own advantages in asynchronous programming and performance optimization, and should be decided according to project requirements when choosing.

Whether to choose Python or JavaScript depends on the project type: 1) Choose Python for data science and automation tasks; 2) Choose JavaScript for front-end and full-stack development. Python is favored for its powerful library in data processing and automation, while JavaScript is indispensable for its advantages in web interaction and full-stack development.

Python and JavaScript each have their own advantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1. Python is easy to learn, with concise syntax, suitable for data science and back-end development, but has a slow execution speed. 2. JavaScript is everywhere in front-end development and has strong asynchronous programming capabilities. Node.js makes it suitable for full-stack development, but the syntax may be complex and error-prone.

JavaScriptisnotbuiltonCorC ;it'saninterpretedlanguagethatrunsonenginesoftenwritteninC .1)JavaScriptwasdesignedasalightweight,interpretedlanguageforwebbrowsers.2)EnginesevolvedfromsimpleinterpreterstoJITcompilers,typicallyinC ,improvingperformance.

JavaScript can be used for front-end and back-end development. The front-end enhances the user experience through DOM operations, and the back-end handles server tasks through Node.js. 1. Front-end example: Change the content of the web page text. 2. Backend example: Create a Node.js server.

Choosing Python or JavaScript should be based on career development, learning curve and ecosystem: 1) Career development: Python is suitable for data science and back-end development, while JavaScript is suitable for front-end and full-stack development. 2) Learning curve: Python syntax is concise and suitable for beginners; JavaScript syntax is flexible. 3) Ecosystem: Python has rich scientific computing libraries, and JavaScript has a powerful front-end framework.

The power of the JavaScript framework lies in simplifying development, improving user experience and application performance. When choosing a framework, consider: 1. Project size and complexity, 2. Team experience, 3. Ecosystem and community support.

Introduction I know you may find it strange, what exactly does JavaScript, C and browser have to do? They seem to be unrelated, but in fact, they play a very important role in modern web development. Today we will discuss the close connection between these three. Through this article, you will learn how JavaScript runs in the browser, the role of C in the browser engine, and how they work together to drive rendering and interaction of web pages. We all know the relationship between JavaScript and browser. JavaScript is the core language of front-end development. It runs directly in the browser, making web pages vivid and interesting. Have you ever wondered why JavaScr


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

EditPlus Chinese cracked version
Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
