Intro : Python For Gaming week 1

Week 1: Introduction to Python and Game Development Basics

Class 1: Python Basics and Pygame Setup

• Topics:
  • Python syntax and basic programming concepts (variables, data types, loops, functions).
  • Installing and setting up Pygame.
  • Introduction to the game loop and basic game mechanics.
• Mini Project:
  • Simple Drawing App: Create a basic app that allows users to draw on the screen with the mouse.
• Exercises:
  • Modify the drawing app to use different colors and brush sizes.
  • Create shapes (like circles or rectangles) using keyboard inputs.

Class 2: Understanding Game Components

• Topics:
  • Sprites and surfaces in Pygame.
  • Handling user input (keyboard and mouse events).
  • Basic collision detection.
• Mini Project:
  • Catch the Ball: A game where a ball falls from the top of the screen, and the player must catch it with a paddle.
• Exercises:
  • Add scoring to the game based on how many balls the player catches.
  • Increase the speed of the falling ball over time.

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Week 2: Building Interactive Games

Class 3: Game Physics and Movement

• Topics:
  • Moving objects with velocity and acceleration.
  • Gravity simulation.
  • Bouncing and reflecting objects.
• Mini Project:
  • Bouncing Ball: Create a game where a ball bounces around the screen, changing direction when it hits the walls.
• Exercises:
  • Add obstacles that the ball can collide with.
  • Make the ball change color when it hits different surfaces.

Class 4: Working with Sounds and Music

• Topics:
  • Adding sound effects and background music to games.
  • Controlling volume and playback.
  • Triggering sounds based on game events.
• Mini Project:
  • Sound Memory Game: A game where players have to repeat a sequence of sounds in the correct order.
• Exercises:
  • Increase the difficulty by adding more sounds to the sequence.
  • Allow the player to adjust the volume during gameplay.

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Week 3: Advanced Game Mechanics

Class 5: Game States and Levels

• Topics:
  • Managing different game states (e.g., menu, playing, game over).
  • Creating and switching between levels.
  • Saving and loading game progress.
• Mini Project:
  • Platformer Game (Part 1): Start building a simple platformer game with a player that can jump between platforms.
• Exercises:
  • Add different types of platforms (e.g., moving platforms).
  • Implement a checkpoint system to save progress.

Class 6: AI and Enemy Behavior

• Topics:
  • Basic AI for enemy movement and behavior.
  • Pathfinding and decision-making for enemies.
  • Creating challenging gameplay with dynamic AI.
• Mini Project:
  • Platformer Game (Part 2): Add enemies to the platformer game with basic AI behavior.
• Exercises:
  • Create different types of enemies with varying behaviors.
  • Add power-ups that affect both the player and the enemies.

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Week 4: Polishing and Final Project

Class 7: Game Optimization and Debugging

• Topics:
  • Optimizing game performance (e.g., handling large numbers of sprites).
  • Debugging common issues in game development.
  • Polishing the game with animations and special effects.
• Mini Project:
  • Final Game Polishing: Refine the platformer game by adding animations, improving performance, and fixing bugs.
• Exercises:
  • Implement a particle system for special effects.
  • Optimize the game to run smoothly on lower-end devices.

Class 8: Final Project Presentation and Wrap-Up

• Topics:
  • Review of key concepts learned throughout the course.
  • Final project presentation and feedback session.
  • Tips for further learning and exploration in game development.
• Final Project:
  • Complete Platformer Game: Students will present their final version of the platformer game, incorporating all the features and techniques learned.
• Exercises:
  • Add a title screen and end credits to the game.
  • Experiment with adding new features or mechanics to the game.

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Week 1: Introduction to Python and Game Development Basics

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Class 1: Python Basics and Pygame Setup

1.1 Python Basics

1.1.1 Variables and Data Types

• Variables are containers for storing data values.
• Data types include integers (int), floating-point numbers (float), strings (str), and booleans (bool).

Example:

# Integer
score = 10

# Float
player_speed = 2.5

# String
player_name = "Chukwudi"

# Boolean
game_over = False

1.1.2 Loops

• Loops are used to repeat a block of code multiple times.
• Common loops include for loops and while loops.

Example:

# For loop
for i in range(5):
    print("Hello", i)

# While loop
countdown = 5
while countdown > 0:
    print("Countdown:", countdown)
    countdown -= 1

1.1.3 Functions

• Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform a specific task.

Example:

def greet_player(name):
    print("Welcome,", name)

greet_player(player_name)

1.2 Pygame Setup

1.2.1 Installing Pygame

• To install Pygame, use the following command:

pip install pygame

1.2.2 Initializing Pygame

• Pygame is a Python library used for creating games.
• To initialize Pygame and create a game window, use the following code:

Example:

import pygame

# Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()

# Create a game window
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))

# Set window title
pygame.display.set_caption("My First Game")

# Main game loop
running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

# Quit Pygame
pygame.quit()

1.3 Mini Project: Simple Drawing App

Goal: Create a basic app that allows users to draw on the screen with the mouse.

1.3.1 Code Example

import pygame

# Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()

# Set up the screen
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Drawing App")

# Colors
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)

# Set background color
screen.fill(white)

# Main loop
running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            if event.buttons[0]:  # Left mouse button is pressed
                pygame.draw.circle(screen, black, event.pos, 5)

    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

1.4 Exercises

1. Modify the Drawing App:

   • Change the color of the brush to red.
   • Allow the user to toggle between different brush sizes using the keyboard.

2. Create Shapes:

   • Use keyboard inputs to draw different shapes like circles and rectangles on the screen.

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Class 2: Understanding Game Components

2.1 Sprites and Surfaces in Pygame

2.1.1 Sprites

• Sprites are objects in a game, such as characters or items. They can move, interact, and have their own properties.

2.1.2 Surfaces

• Surfaces are images or sections of the screen that can be manipulated.

Example:

# Load an image and create a sprite
player_image = pygame.image.load("player.png")
player_rect = player_image.get_rect()

# Draw the sprite on the screen
screen.blit(player_image, player_rect)

2.2 Handling User Input

2.2.1 Keyboard Input

• Detecting key presses can be done using pygame.event and pygame.key.get_pressed().

Example:

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
        if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
            print("Left arrow key pressed")

2.2.2 Mouse Input

• Detecting mouse movements and clicks is similar to keyboard input.

Example:

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        print("Mouse button clicked at", event.pos)

2.3 Basic Collision Detection

2.3.1 Rectangular Collisions

• Collisions between objects are often detected using rectangles.

Example:

# Check if two rectangles overlap
if player_rect.colliderect(other_rect):
    print("Collision detected!")

2.4 Mini Project: Catch the Ball

Goal: Create a game where a ball falls from the top of the screen, and the player must catch it with a paddle.

2.4.1 Code Example

import pygame
import random

# Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()

# Screen setup
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Catch the Ball")

# Colors
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)

# Player (Paddle)
paddle = pygame.Rect(350, 550, 100, 10)

# Ball
ball = pygame.Rect(random.randint(0, 750), 0, 50, 50)
ball_speed = 5

# Main game loop
running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    # Move paddle with arrow keys
    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and paddle.left > 0:
        paddle.move_ip(-5, 0)
    if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and paddle.right < 800:
        paddle.move_ip(5, 0)

    # Move ball down
    ball.move_ip(0, ball_speed)

    # Check for collision
    if ball.colliderect(paddle):
        print("Caught!")
        ball.topleft = (random.randint(0, 750), 0)

    # Redraw screen
    screen.fill(white)
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, black, paddle)
    pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, black, ball)
    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

2.5 Exercises

1. Add Scoring:

   • Keep track of how many balls the player catches and display the score on the screen.

2. Increase Difficulty:

   • Gradually increase the speed of the ball as the player catches more balls.

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This concludes Week 1. you (students) should now be comfortable with Python basics, Pygame setup, and creating simple interactive games. I encourage you to experiment with the exercises to deepen your understanding.

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