Operators in Java

Types of Operators

Arithmetic:

• Perform basic mathematical operations.

Bitwise: Operate on bits.
Relational: Compare values.
Logical: Perform logical operations.

Arithmetic Operators

Basic Operators:

• Addition
• Subtraction
• Multiplication / Division % Modulo (remainder of division)

Unary Operators:

• More unary
• Less unary

Increment and Decrement Operators:
++ Increment (addition of 1)
-- Decrement (subtraction from 1)

Behavior of Arithmetic Operators

• Operate on numeric and char types.

Division of Integers: Truncates the remainder.

Example: 10 / 3 results in 3.
Module Operator: Generates the remainder of the division.
Example: 10 % 3 results in 1.

• Can be applied to integer and floating point types.

class ModDemo {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int iresult = 10 / 3;
        int irem = 10 % 3;
        double dresult = 10.0 / 3.0;
        double drem = 10.0 % 3.0;
        System.out.println("Result and remainder of 10 / 3: " + iresult + " " + irem);
        System.out.println("Result and remainder of 10.0 / 3.0: " + dresult + " " + drem);
    }
}

Output:
Result and remainder of 10 / 3: 3 1
Result and remainder of 10.0 / 3.0: 3.3333333333333335 1.0

Increment and Decrement
Increment (++): Adds 1 to the operand.

Example: x = x + 1; is equivalent to x++;
Decrement (--): Subtracts 1 from the operand.

Example: x = x - 1; is equivalent to x--;

Prefixed and Postfixed Forms:

Prefixed: Increment/Decrement before using the value in the expression.
Example: ++x
Postfix: Uses the value in the expression before incrementing/decrementing.
Example: x++

int x = 10;
int y = ++x; // y será 11, x será 11

Summary of Key Points
Java has operators for mathematical, logical, relational and bitwise operations.
Arithmetic operators include +, -, *, /, %, ++, --.
% operator can be applied to integer and floating point types.
Increment (++) and decrement (--) have prefix and postfix forms that affect the order of operation.
It is important to understand the behavior of operators to avoid logic errors in complex expressions.

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