Golang Framework Development Practical Manual: Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ on how to implement Go framework development: Dependency injection: Use a struct as a controller and inject dependencies in its constructor. Error handling: Check for errors in handlers and respond to internal server errors using http.Error. Unit testing: Write a mock service and use an assertion library to verify the behavior of the handler. Application Deployment: Kubernetes: Containerize applications and deploy them to a cluster. Docker: Packaged as an image and deployed to a host or cluster. Heroku: Deploy applications using a managed cloud platform.

Go Framework Development Practical Manual: Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1: How to implement dependency injection?

type UserHandler struct {
    userService UserService
}

func NewUserHandler(userService UserService) *UserHandler {
    return &UserHandler{userService: userService}
}

Question 2: How to handle errors?

func GetUserDetails(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    params := mux.Vars(r)
    userID := params["id"]

    user, err := userService.GetUser(userID)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    renderJSON(w, user)
}

Question 3: How to perform unit testing?

import (
    "testing"

    "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestGetUserHandler(t *testing.T) {
    // 创建一个模拟的 UserService
    userService := &MockUserService{}

    // 设置模拟行为
    userService.On("GetUser").Return(user, nil)

    // 创建一个 UserHandler
    handler := NewUserHandler(userService)

    // 创建一个请求对象
    req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/users/1", nil)
    assert.Nil(t, err)

    // 创建一个响应记录器
    w := httptest.NewRecorder()

    // 调用处理程序
    handler.GetUserDetails(w, req)

    // 断言响应代码
    assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)

    // 断言响应体
    respBody, err := ioutil.ReadAll(w.Body)
    assert.Nil(t, err)
    assert.JSONEq(t, string(respBody), `{ "id": 1 }`)
}

Question 4: How to deploy a Go application?

• Kubernetes: Containerize applications and deploy them in a Kubernetes cluster.
• Docker: Package your application as a Docker image and deploy it on a Docker host or cluster.
• Heroku: A platform as a service (PaaS) provider that provides a managed cloud platform to deploy applications.

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