How to implement Java distributed transactions using Apache Ignite

Apache Ignite allows maintaining data consistency in a distributed environment through a distributed transaction engine. A Java banking application demonstrates how to implement transactions using Ignite: the master node creates a transaction with pessimistic concurrency and repeatable read isolation levels, gets the account from cache, debits the amount, saves the account and commits the transaction. Create optimistic concurrency and serializable isolation level transactions from the node, get the account, check the balance, deduct the amount, save the account and commit the transaction. Run the application and watch the console display the output that the transfer was successful.

How to use Apache Ignite to implement Java distributed transactions

Introduction

Apache Ignite is a distributed computing platform with outstanding performance and scalability. It provides a transaction processing engine that allows developers to build highly consistent and performant applications in distributed environments.

Practical Case

To demonstrate how to use Apache Ignite to implement distributed transactions, we create a simple banking application. The application will consist of two nodes, a master node and a slave node.

pom.xml

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.ignite</groupId>
  <artifactId>ignite-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.15.0</version>
</dependency>

Master node

import org.apache.ignite.Ignite;
import org.apache.ignite.IgniteCache;
import org.apache.ignite.Ignition;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.Transaction;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.TransactionConcurrency;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.TransactionIsolation;

public class MainNode {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // 初始化 Ignite 实例
    Ignite ignite = Ignition.start();

    // 获取账户缓存
    IgniteCache<Long, Account> accountCache = ignite.cache("Account");

    // 创建主事务
    try (Transaction tx = ignite.transactions().txStart(TransactionConcurrency.PESSIMISTIC,
        TransactionIsolation.REPEATABLE_READ)) {

      // 从缓存中加载账户
      Account account = accountCache.get(1L);

      // 提取 100 美元
      account.setBalance(account.getBalance() - 100);

      // 保存账户
      accountCache.put(1L, account);

      // 提交事务
      tx.commit();

      System.out.println("转账成功！");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

Slave node

import org.apache.ignite.Ignite;
import org.apache.ignite.Ignition;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.Transaction;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.TransactionConcurrency;
import org.apache.ignite.transactions.TransactionIsolation;

public class SlaveNode {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // 初始化 Ignite 实例
    Ignite ignite = Ignition.start();

    // 获取账户缓存
    IgniteCache<Long, Account> accountCache = ignite.cache("Account");

    // 创建从事务
    try (Transaction tx = ignite.transactions().txStart(TransactionConcurrency.OPTIMISTIC,
        TransactionIsolation.SERIALIZABLE)) {

      // 从缓存中加载账户
      Account account = accountCache.get(1L);

      // 检查账户余额是否足够
      if (account.getBalance() < 100) {
        tx.rollback();  // 余额不足，回滚事务
      }

      // 提取 100 美元
      account.setBalance(account.getBalance() - 100);

      // 保存账户
      accountCache.put(1L, account);

      // 提交事务
      tx.commit();

      System.out.println("转账成功！");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

Account class

public class Account {

  private Long id;
  private double balance;

  // 省略 getters 和 setters
}

Run the application

1. Run the MainNode, which will create the main transaction and perform the transfer operation.
2. Run the SlaveNode, which will create slave transactions and verify that the balance is sufficient.
3. Observe the console output, it will print out the message that the transfer is successful.

The above code shows how to use Apache Ignite to implement distributed transactions across multiple nodes. It ensures atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability (ACID) of transaction operations.

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