Common errors and avoidance methods in golang framework

Common Golang framework errors include: using global variables: leading to poor readability and difficulty in testing; context dependency: difficulty in testing and fragile code; improper error handling: unreliable and difficult to debug; unsafe concurrency: may lead to data races.

Common mistakes and avoidance methods of Golang framework

When using the Golang framework, novices often encounter some common mistakes . This article will explore these mistakes and how to avoid them.

Error 1: Global variables

Using global variables will lead to two problems: poor code readability and difficulty in testing. Global variables are accessible from any part of the application, making it difficult to trace and reason about code flow. In addition, testing code that uses global variables requires a lot of setup and teardown, which can slow down the testing process.

Avoidance method: Use local variables or dependency injection to avoid using global variables.

Error 2: Context dependency

When a function depends on external state, it makes testing difficult and the code becomes brittle. For example, if a function depends on a database connection or file system, these dependencies need to be set up for the test.

Avoidance method: Abstract external dependencies through interfaces, allowing the use of mock objects in tests and real programs.

Error 3: Improper error handling

Error handling is a crucial part of Golang development. Improper error handling can lead to code that is unreliable and difficult to debug. Avoid using naked panic as it will terminate the application. Also, avoid using hard-coded error messages as they may not be readable.

Workaround: Use errors.New to create a custom error and return a meaningful and readable error message.

Error 4: Concurrency is not safe

In a concurrent environment, shared variables may cause data races. If shared data is used unsafely, it can lead to hard-to-find errors.

Workaround: Use synchronization primitives (such as mutexes and channels) in the Go standard concurrency library to manage access to shared data.

Practical case:

The following is an example of avoiding the use of global variables:

// 错误的方式
var globalDatabase *sql.DB

// 正确的方式
func InitDatabase() {
    db, err := sql.Open("user:password@/dbname")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    return db
}

In this example, we initialize the database handle through a function , instead of using global variables.

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