How to verify HTTP response status code in Golang?

The methods to verify the HTTP response status code in Golang are: use http.Response.StatusCode to directly compare the response status code with the expected value. Create a custom error type that contains a status code and error message, and verify the status code by catching the error.

How to verify HTTP response status code in Golang

Using net/http package in Golang When sending an HTTP request, it is important to verify the response status code. This helps handle server-side errors, configuration issues, and other network issues.

Using http.Response.StatusCode

http.Response type contains a StatusCode field , indicating the status code of the HTTP response. To verify the status code, you can simply compare StatusCode with the expected value:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "net/http"
  "net/http/httptest"
)

func main() {
  // 创建一个模拟响应
  resp := httptest.NewRecorder()

  // 设置状态代码
  resp.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)

  if resp.Code == http.StatusOK {
    fmt.Println("成功")
  }
}

Use a custom error type

An alternative validation response The method for status codes is to create a custom error type that contains the status code and error message:

package main

import (
  "errors"
  "fmt"
  "net/http"
)

type HTTPError struct {
  Code int
  Msg  string
}

func (e HTTPError) Error() string {
  return fmt.Sprintf("HTTP Error: %d - %s", e.Code, e.Msg)
}

func main() {
  // 发送请求并捕获响应
  resp, err := http.Get("https://example.com")
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
    return
  }

  if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
    // 创建自定义错误
    err = HTTPError{Code: resp.StatusCode, Msg: "请求失败"}
    fmt.Println(err)
  }
}

Practical case

The following is the use of http.Response .StatusCode Practical example of verifying status code:

Suppose you are developing an API that uses HTTP GET to retrieve data from a database. You need to verify the response status code to ensure that the request completed successfully:

func GetUserData(userID int) (UserData, error) {
  resp, err := http.Get(fmt.Sprintf("https://myapi.com/users/%d", userID))
  if err != nil {
    return UserData{}, err
  }

  if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
    return UserData{}, fmt.Errorf("请求失败: %d", resp.StatusCode)
  }

  // 解析响应并返回数据
}

By validating the response status code, you can ensure that data is only returned if the server successfully processed the request.

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