How to use arrays for memory management?

An array is a collection of elements stored in a continuous memory space that uses a single variable to access multiple related values. Access array elements by index (starting at 0). Dynamic memory allocation allows the creation of arrays using the malloc and free functions. Example: Student information array case, use the structure Student to store names, student numbers, and grades, and access each student's information through the array.

How to use arrays for memory management

An array is a collection of elements stored in a continuous memory space. They simplify memory management by allowing you to use a single variable to reference multiple related values.

Initializing an array

Use the following syntax to initialize an array:

型别 数组名[大小];

For example, create an array that stores 10 integers:

int numbers[10];

Accessing array elements

You can access array elements using indexes, which start from 0:

数组名[索引]

For example, to access the first element in the numbers array:

numbers[0]

Dynamic memory allocation

You can dynamically allocate memory to create an array using the malloc and free functions:

int *ptr = malloc(sizeof(int) * size);

// 使用数组方式访问元素
ptr[0] = 1;

// 释放内存
free(ptr);

Practical Case

Suppose you have a collection of students, each student has a name, student number and grade. You can use a structure called Student to store this information:

struct Student {
  char name[50];
  int id;
  float grade;
};

Now, you can create an array to store 100 students:

struct Student students[100];

With this array , you can access each student's details, for example:

// 访问第一个学生的姓名
printf("%s", students[0].name);

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