How to validate JSON with regular expression in Golang?
如何在 Go 中使用正则表达式验证 JSON?定义正则表达式模式,确保字符串以花括号开头,包含键值对,键用引号括起,值可以是字符串、数组或嵌套对象。使用正则表达式包编译正则表达式。检查 JSON 字符串是否匹配正则表达式模式。
如何在 Golang 中用正则表达式验证 JSON
正则表达式 (Regex) 是一种强大的工具,可用于验证数据的模式和结构。在 Golang 中,我们可以使用正则表达式来验证 JSON 字符串是否符合预期的格式。
正则表达式模式:
^\{(?:"[^"]+":(?:(?!\{|\[)[^\[\]\{\}\"]+|\[.+\]|\{.+\}))*\}$
分解正则表达式:
-
^
: 起始锚定符号,确保字符串从开头开始匹配模式。 -
\{
: 匹配花括号打开符号 ({
))。 -
(?:"[^"]+":(?:(?!\{|\[)[^\[\]\{\}\"]+|\[.+\]|\{.+\}))*
: 匹配键值对,其中:-
(?:"[^"]+":)
: 匹配冒号前面的带引号的键。 -
(?:(?!\{|\[)[^\[\]\{\}\"]+|\[.+\]|\{.+\})
: 匹配键值对的值,可以是字符串、数组或嵌套对象。
-
-
*
: 匹配前面的元素零次或多次。 -
\}$
:匹配花括号关闭符号 (}
).
实战案例:
考虑以下 JSON 字符串:
{ "name": "John Doe", "age": 30, "hobbies": ["reading", "playing video games"] }
要使用正则表达式验证此字符串,我们可以使用以下代码:
package main import ( "fmt" "regexp" ) func main() { // 定义正则表达式字符串 jsonRegex := "^\\{(?:\"[^\"]+\":(?:(?!\\{|\\[)[^\\[\\]\\{\\}\\\"]+|\\\\\\[.+\\]|\\\\\\[.+\\]))*}\\}$" // 编译正则表达式 regex := regexp.MustCompile(jsonRegex) // JSON 字符串 jsonString := `{ "name": "John Doe", "age": 30, "hobbies": ["reading", "playing video games"] }` // 检查字符串是否符合模式 matched := regex.MatchString(jsonString) if matched { fmt.Println("The JSON string is valid.") } else { fmt.Println("The JSON string is invalid.") } }
运行此程序将输出:
The JSON string is valid.
这表明 JSON 字符串与预期的正则表达式模式匹配,因此是有效的 JSON。
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