How to debug Golang unit test failure? Check the error message to understand the reason for the failure. Use the delve debugger to step through tests, inspect variable values and code flow. Add log statements to track test execution and get more information.
How to debug failed tests in Golang unit tests
Unit testing is essential when writing Golang code. However, when a test fails, determining the cause of the failure can be difficult, especially for complex tests. Here are some strategies for debugging Golang unit test failure issues:
1. View error messages:
When a test fails, the unit testing framework prints out an error message. Read this message carefully as it usually indicates the root cause of the failure. For example, it might mention that actual output does not match expected output or that a test times out.
2. Use the debugger:
Golang provides a built-in debugger delve
that allows you to step through tests and inspect the values of variables and code flow. To use delve, add -test.coverprofile=cover.out
after the test command. You can then run the test using go test -coverprofile=cover.out -covermode=atomic
. This creates a cover.out
file in the project root directory where you can view code coverage.
3. Add additional logs:
Adding log statements to your test code can help you understand the test process and identify the problem. Use the log.Printf()
function to log different stages of test execution and examine these logs for more information.
Practical case:
Suppose you encounter a test failure when testing function add()
. This function accepts two numeric arguments and returns their sum. Here's how to solve the problem using the above debugging strategies:
- View the error message: The error message states that the actual output is 5, while the expected output is 6.
-
Use the debugger: Use delve to step through the test, checking the variable values in the
add()
function. You find thatx
has a value of 2 andy
has a value of 3, whereas the code expectedx
to be 3. -
Add additional logs: Add a log statement in the test code to record the parameters passed in the
add()
function. You see that thex
value is actually 2, which explains the test failure.
By using these debugging strategies, you can more effectively identify and resolve failing issues in Golang unit tests.
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