What are the basic types of golang functions?

Answer: There are different types of Go functions, including basic types (no parameters and return types), accepting parameter types, return types, variadic parameter types and function as parameter types. Detailed description: Basic type function: no parameters or return type, used for initialization or performing simple tasks. Functions that accept parameters: accept parameters of specified types, and the parameter types are specified in the function signature. Functions that return values: can return multiple values ​​of a specified type, and the return value type is specified in the function signature. Variadic functions: Use the ... syntax to accept a variable number of arguments, collected into a slice. Functions as parameters: Supports functions as parameters, called higher-order functions, which are used to process or operate functions.

Basic types of Go functions

In the Go language, functions can have various types, and these types define Function parameters and return types. Understanding these basic types is crucial to writing clear and efficient Go code.

1. Basic type function

The most basic type of function has no parameters or return type. These functions are typically used to initialize data or perform simple tasks.

func hello() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, world!")
}

2. Functions that accept parameters

Function can accept one or more parameters. Parameter types are specified by the types in the function signature.

func sum(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

3. Functions that return values

Function can return one or more values. The return type is specified in the last part of the function signature.

func min(a, b int) (int, error) {
    if a < b {
        return a, nil
    }
    return b, errors.New("b is not less than a")
}

4. Variable parameter function

The function can use the ... syntax to accept a variable number of parameters. The parameters are collected into a slice of type []T, where T is the parameter type.

func printAll(strs ...string) {
    for _, str := range strs {
        fmt.Println(str)
    }
}

5. Functions as parameters

Go language supports functions as parameters, which are called higher-order functions. Higher-order functions are typically used to process functions or perform operations on functions.

func forEach(f func(int), nums []int) {
    for _, num := range nums {
        f(num)
    }
}

Practical case

Consider a program that adds command line arguments:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    args := os.Args[1:]
    var sum int
    for _, arg := range args {
        num, err := strconv.Atoi(arg)
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Printf("%s is not a valid number\n", arg)
            continue
        }
        sum += num
    }
    fmt.Printf("Sum: %d\n", sum)
}

This program uses fmt.Atoi Convert command line arguments to integers and add them. It uses functions as arguments to handle each argument and separates error handling from the main summation logic.

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