In Go, the methods for serializing custom types are: implementing the json.Marshaler interface when using JSON serialization, and implementing the GobEncoder and GobDecoder interfaces in the encoding/gob package when using Gob serialization.
Use Golang to serialize custom types
In Golang, serialization refers to converting the state of an object into The format in which it can be stored or transmitted. For custom types, you need to implement the serialization interface in the encoding/json
or encoding/gob
package.
Use JSON serialization
- Implement the
json.Marshaler
interface and implement theMarshalJSON
method. -
MarshalJSON
Method receives a value of a custom type and returns its JSON representation.
Practical case: Serial number employee structure
package main import ( "encoding/json" "fmt" ) // Employee is a custom type representing an employee. type Employee struct { Name string Age int Skills []string } // MarshalJSON implements the json.Marshaler interface. func (e Employee) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) { type Alias Employee return json.Marshal(&struct{ Alias }{e}) } func main() { emp := Employee{Name: "John Doe", Age: 30, Skills: []string{"golang", "javascript"}} encoded, err := json.Marshal(emp) if err != nil { fmt.Println("Error:", err) return } fmt.Println("JSON:", string(encoded)) }
Using Gob serialization
- Implementation The
GobEncoder
andGobDecoder
interfaces in theencoding/gob
package. -
GobEncode
method receives a value of a custom type and writes it to a buffer. -
GobDecode
Method reads data from the buffer and restores the value of the custom type.
Practical case: serial number is a complex structure
package main import ( "encoding/gob" "fmt" "io/ioutil" "os" ) // ComplexStruct represents a complex data structure. type ComplexStruct struct { Map map[string]int Slice []int InnerStruct struct { Field1 string Field2 int } } func main() { // Register the ComplexStruct type for serialization. gob.Register(ComplexStruct{}) // Create a ComplexStruct instance. cs := ComplexStruct{ Map: map[string]int{"key1": 1, "key2": 2}, Slice: []int{3, 4, 5}, InnerStruct: struct { Field1 string Field2 int }{"value1", 6}, } // Encode the ComplexStruct to a file. f, err := os.Create("data.gob") if err != nil { fmt.Println("Error creating file:", err) return } defer f.Close() enc := gob.NewEncoder(f) if err := enc.Encode(cs); err != nil { fmt.Println("Error encoding:", err) return } // Decode the ComplexStruct from the file. data, err := ioutil.ReadFile("data.gob") if err != nil { fmt.Println("Error reading file:", err) return } dec := gob.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data)) var decoded ComplexStruct if err := dec.Decode(&decoded); err != nil { fmt.Println("Error decoding:", err) return } // Print the decoded struct. fmt.Println("Decoded:", decoded) }
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