How to get file path using C++?

The methods to obtain the file path in C++ are: 1. Use the std::filesystem library. 2. Use Boost library. These methods can be used to get the absolute path, root directory, parent directory, and extension of a file. In practice, these techniques can be used to display file lists in user interfaces.

How to get the file path using C++

It is very important to get the file path in C++ for reading or writing files , display a list of files in the user interface, or perform other file system-related operations. There are several ways to achieve this.

Method 1: Use the std::filesystem library

std::filesystem The library provides a high-level interface for file system operations. The following example demonstrates how to use it:

#include <iostream>
#include <filesystem>

namespace fs = std::filesystem;

int main() {
    fs::path path_to_file = "/tmp/example.txt";

    // 获取文件的绝对路径
    std::cout << "Absolute path: " << path_to_file.absolute() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的根目录
    std::cout << "Root directory: " << path_to_file.root_path() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的父目录
    std::cout << "Parent directory: " << path_to_file.parent_path() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的扩展名
    std::cout << "Extension: " << path_to_file.extension().string() << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Method 2: Using the Boost library

The Boost library also provides a powerful file system library. The following example demonstrates how to use it:

#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>

int main() {
    boost::filesystem::path path_to_file = "/tmp/example.txt";

    // 获取文件的绝对路径
    std::cout << "Absolute path: " << path_to_file.generic_string() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的根目录
    std::cout << "Root directory: " << path_to_file.root_directory() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的父目录
    std::cout << "Parent directory: " << path_to_file.parent_path() << std::endl;

    // 获取文件的扩展名
    std::cout << "Extension: " << path_to_file.extension() << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Practical example: displaying a list of files in the user interface

The following is a simple C++ program that displays using the above technique File list in user interface:

#include <iostream>
#include <filesystem>

int main() {
    // 获取当前工作目录
    std::filesystem::path current_path = std::filesystem::current_path();

    // 获取目录中的所有文件
    std::vector<std::string> files;
    for (const auto& entry : std::filesystem::directory_iterator(current_path)) {
        if (entry.is_regular_file()) {
            files.push_back(entry.path().string());
        }
    }

    // 显示文件列表
    std::cout << "Files in the current directory:" << std::endl;
    for (const auto& file : files) {
        std::cout << " - " << file << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

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