Application and practice of PHP design patterns

Design patterns in PHP are reusable solutions to common programming problems. It is divided into three major categories: creational patterns, structural patterns and behavioral patterns. Among them, the widely used creation patterns include factory patterns, which are used to create different types of objects; structural patterns include strategy patterns, which are used to perform different behaviors according to different strategies.

Application and practical cases of design patterns in PHP

Introduction

Design patterns are reusable solutions in software design. for solving common programming problems. By adopting design patterns, developers can improve code reusability, readability, and maintainability.

Categories of design patterns

Design patterns are usually divided into three categories:

• Creative patterns: Create objects and classes.
• Structural pattern: Organizes the relationship between objects and classes.
• Behavioral pattern: Determine how objects and classes communicate.

Design patterns in PHP

PHP supports a variety of design patterns, including:

• Creative pattern: Create a Objects with different properties and behaviors.
• Structural pattern: Organizes the relationships between objects.
• Behavioral pattern: Defines the interaction between objects and classes.

Practical case

Use factory pattern to create objects

// 抽象产品接口
interface Product {
    public function getName();
}

// 具体产品1
class Product1 implements Product {
    public function getName() {
        return "产品 1";
    }
}

// 具体产品2
class Product2 implements Product {
    public function getName() {
        return "产品 2";
    }
}

// 工厂类
class Factory {
    public static function create($type) {
        switch ($type) {
            case "product1": return new Product1();
            case "product2": return new Product2();
            default: throw new Exception("无效的产品类型");
        }
    }
}

// 使用工厂创建产品
$product = Factory::create("product1");
echo $product->getName(); // 输出 "产品 1"

Use strategy pattern to achieve different behaviors

// 定义策略接口
interface Strategy {
    public function doSomething();
}

// 具体策略1
class Strategy1 implements Strategy {
    public function doSomething() {
        echo "策略 1 执行了某种动作";
    }
}

// 具体策略2
class Strategy2 implements Strategy {
    public function doSomething() {
        echo "策略 2 执行了某种动作";
    }
}

// 上下文类
class Context {
    private $strategy;

    public function setStrategy(Strategy $strategy) {
        $this->strategy = $strategy;
    }

    public function doSomething() {
        $this->strategy->doSomething();
    }
}

// 使用上下文类执行不同的行为
$context = new Context();
$context->setStrategy(new Strategy1());
$context->doSomething(); // 输出 "策略 1 执行了某种动作"

$context->setStrategy(new Strategy2());
$context->doSomething(); // 输出 "策略 2 执行了某种动作"

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