Build an efficient C++ server architecture to handle high concurrent requests

Answer: The key to building an efficient server architecture in C++ is the use of event-driven architecture, non-blocking I/O, and thread pools. Detailed description: Event-driven architecture: The server uses an event loop to listen for events on network sockets to avoid blocking. Non-blocking I/O: Allows the server to perform I/O operations without blocking the event loop, improving concurrency. Thread pool: Allocate idle threads to handle new requests to prevent server performance degradation due to the creation of too many threads.

Build an efficient C++ server architecture to handle high-concurrency requests

In modern Internet applications, high-concurrency processing capabilities are crucial important. As a programming language with excellent performance, C++ is very suitable for building efficient server architecture. This article will introduce how to use C++ to build a high-performance, scalable server, and demonstrate its application through a practical case.

Event-driven architecture

For high-concurrency servers, event-driven architecture is an ideal choice. In this architecture, the server does not block on I/O operations, but uses an event loop to listen for events on the network socket. Whenever a socket becomes readable or writable, the event loop triggers a callback function.

Non-blocking I/O

Non-blocking I/O allows the server to perform I/O operations without blocking the event loop. This is important for handling large numbers of concurrent connections, as blocking I/O prevents the server from processing other requests in a timely manner.

Thread pool

Thread pool can effectively improve the concurrency of the server. When a new request arrives, the server can assign the request to an idle thread in the thread pool for processing. This prevents the server from slowing down performance by creating too many threads.

Practical case: Web server

Let us use a practical case of Web server to illustrate how to build an efficient C++ server architecture:

#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace boost::asio;
using namespace boost::asio::ip;

class WebServer {
public:
    WebServer(io_service& io_service, unsigned short port)
        : acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) {
        start_accept();
    }

private:
    void start_accept() {
        acceptor_.async_accept(
            [this](boost::system::error_code ec, tcp::socket socket) {
                if (!ec) {
                    handle_connection(std::move(socket));
                }
                start_accept();
            });
    }

    void handle_connection(tcp::socket socket) {
        // 读取 HTTP 请求
        std::string request;
        std::size_t len = socket.read_some(
            boost::asio::buffer(request), boost::asio::transfer_all());

        // 处理请求并生成响应
        std::string response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\nHello World!\n";

        // 发送 HTTP 响应
        socket.write_some(boost::asio::buffer(response));
    }

    io_service& io_service_;
    tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
};

int main() {
    io_service io_service;
    WebServer server(io_service, 8080);
    io_service.run();
    return 0;
}

This web server uses event-driven architecture, non-blocking I/O and thread pools to achieve high concurrency processing. It is ideal for handling large numbers of concurrent requests.

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