PHP database connection tutorial: optimization skills for different databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL)

Optimizing database connections in PHP is critical to improving application performance. MySQL connection uses MySQLi extension and uses persistent connection (pconnect()). Uses connection pool. PostgreSQL connection uses PDO extension to configure connection parameters (PDO::setAttribute())

PHP database connection tutorial: Optimization skills for different databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL)

Introduction

In PHP, establishing a connection with the database is the key to developing Web applications A crucial step in the procedure. By optimizing database connections, you can significantly improve your application's performance and scalability. This article will provide database connection optimization tips for MySQL and PostgreSQL, two commonly used databases.

MySQL connection

Using MySQLi extension

It is recommended to use the MySQLi extension of PHP because it provides better than the old MySQL extension Faster, more object-oriented approach.

$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "password", "database");

Use persistent connections

Persistent connections can reduce the overhead of creating new connections. Use the pconnect() function instead of connect() to establish a persistent connection.

$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "password", "database", 3306, "/path/to/socket");

Using connection pools

Connection pools manage a set of pre-established connections, eliminating the need to create new connections for each request. Connection pooling can be implemented using third-party libraries such as PHP PDO Connection Pool.

$config = [
    'host' => 'localhost',
    'user' => 'root',
    'password' => 'password',
    'database' => 'database',
    'port' => 3306,
    'maxConnections' => 10
];

$pool = new ConnectionPool($config);

PostgreSQL connection

Using PDO

For PostgreSQL, it is recommended to use the PDO (PHP Data Objects) extension because it Provides an interface independent of the database engine.

$dsn = "pgsql:host=localhost;dbname=database;user=root;password=password";

$conn = new PDO($dsn);

Configuring connection parameters

You can use the PDO::setAttribute() method to configure connection parameters, such as timeout and persistent connections.

$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT, 5);
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT, true);

Practical case

The following is an example of using PHP to connect to a MySQL database:

$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "mydb";

// 创建连接
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// 检查连接
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

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