How to handle errors using pipes in Go?

Passing errors through pipelines can efficiently expose operation errors to the outside, so that they can be processed uniformly in business logic. The specific usage is as follows: type the pipeline and clearly convey the type of data and error type. Use a typed result structure on the sender side to pass data and errors. Use type assertions on the receiver side to receive data and errors from the pipeline and handle them based on whether there are errors.

How to use pipes in Go language to handle errors

Pipelines are a concurrent communication mechanism that allows goroutines to Pass data efficiently. Pipelines can not only transfer data, but also errors, allowing us to expose operational errors to the outside through pipelines, process them uniformly in business logic, and improve development efficiency.

Usage method

When using a pipeline to transmit errors, you need to type the pipeline and clarify the type of data passed in the pipeline, including the data type and error type. As shown in the following example:

type result struct {
    data int
    err error
}

var ch = make(chan result)

Practical case

The following is a practical case showing how to use pipes to pass errors:

package main

import (
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func task(ch chan<- result) {
    time.Sleep(time.Second)
    if n := rand.Intn(5); n % 2 == 0 {
        ch <- result{n, nil}
    } else {
        ch <- result{0, errors.New("error occurred")}
    }
}

func main() {
    ch := make(chan result)
    defer close(ch)

    go task(ch)

    select {
    case r := <-ch:
        if r.err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Error: ", r.err)
        } else {
            fmt.Println("Data: ", r.data)
        }
    case <-time.After(time.Second * 2):
        fmt.Println("Timeout")
    }
}

Run Result:

Error: error occurred

In this example, the task function simulates an asynchronous task using random numbers. If the random number is even, it will send data without any errors; otherwise, it will send an error. main The function receives the results from the pipe and handles them based on whether there are errors.

Note:

• Make sure the pipe is typed correctly to avoid type conversion errors.
• Always check data received from a pipe for errors, even if you think it won't.
• Use the select statement to process data from multiple pipelines, or to handle pipeline timeouts.

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