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php数组搜索(多维数组搜索)

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-13 09:47:554100browse

在php中要实现数组搜索方法有很多种,我知道最简单的就是in_array与遍历数组后再一个个对比,其它还有更多更好方法,下面我来介绍介绍。

 

一维数组搜索很简单in_array()

如果 value 参数是字符串,且 type 参数设置为 true,则搜索区分大小写

 代码如下 复制代码

$people = array("Peter", "Joe", "Glenn", "Cleveland");

if (in_array("Glenn",$people))
  {
  echo "Match found";
  }
else
  {
  echo "Match not found";
  }
?>

输出:

Match found


 array_key_exists()函数

 如果在一个数组中找到一个指定的键,函数array_key_exists()返回true,否则返回false。其形式如下:

boolean array_key_exists(mixed key,array array); 

下面的例子将在数组键中搜索apple,如果找到,将输出这个水果的颜色:

 代码如下 复制代码

 
$fruit["apple"] = "red";
$fruit["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruit["pear"] = "green";
if(array_key_exists("apple", $fruit)){
 printf("apple's color is %s",$fruit["apple"]);
}

//apple's color is red

 

array_search()函数

 array_search()函数在一个数组中搜索一个指定的值,如果找到则返回相应的键,否则返回false。其形式如下:

mixed array_search(mixed needle,array haystack[,boolean strict])

下面的例子在$fruits中搜索一个特定的日期(December 7),如果找到,则返回相应州的有关信息:

 代码如下 复制代码

 
$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$founded = array_search("green", $fruits);
if($founded)
 printf("%s was founded on %s.",$founded, $fruits[$founded]);

//watermelon was founded on green.

 

array_keys()函数

 array_keys()函数返回一个数组,其中包含所搜索数组中找到的所有键。其形式如下:

 array array_keys(array array[,mixed search_value]) 


如果包含可选参数search_value,则只会返回与该值匹配的键。下面的例子将输出$fruit数组中找到的所有数组:

 代码如下 复制代码


$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$keys = array_keys($fruits);
print_r($keys);

//Array ( [0] => apple [1] => banana [2] => watermelon )

 array_values()函数

 array_values()函数返回一个数组中的所有值,并自动为返回的数组提供数值索引。其形式如下:

array array_values(array array) 

下面的例子将获取$fruits中找到的各元素的值:

 代码如下 复制代码

 
$fruits["apple"] = "red";
$fruits["banana"] = "yellow";
$fruits["watermelon"]="green";
$values = array_values($fruits);
print_r($values);

//Array ( [0] => red [1] => yellow [2] => green )

上面讲到的都只是一维数组搜索了,如果要实现二维数据或多维数据我们可参考下面实例

1 php搜索多维数组的键值

如下面例子:

 代码如下 复制代码

$foo[1]['a']['xx'] = 'bar 1';
$foo[1]['b']['xx'] = 'bar 2';
$foo[2]['a']['bb'] = 'bar 3';
$foo[2]['a']['yy'] = 'bar 4';
$foo[3]['c']['dd'] = 'bar 3';
$foo[3]['f']['gg'] = 'bar 3';
$foo['info'][1] = 'bar 5';

如果要查找 bar 3 怎么进行查找呢。有三个结果,而这三个结果都要,看下面的函数:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function array_search_re($needle, $haystack, $a=0, $nodes_temp=array()){
global $nodes_found;
$a++;
foreach ($haystack as $key1=>$value1) {
    $nodes_temp[$a] = $key1;
    if (is_array($value1)){  
      array_search_re($needle, $value1, $a, $nodes_temp);
    }
    else if ($value1 === $needle){
      $nodes_found[] = $nodes_temp;
    }
}
return $nodes_found;
}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
这个函数就可以把上面要查找到的内容全部返回出键名来
$result = array_search_re('bar 3', $foo);

print_r($result);

输出结果为如下:
Array ( [0] => Array ( [1] => 2 [2] => a [3] => bb )
          [1] => Array ( [1] => 3 [2] => c [3] => dd )
          [2] => Array ( [1] => 3 [2] => f [3] => gg )
        )

php搜索多维数组的键名

 代码如下 复制代码

function array_search_key($needle, $haystack){
global $nodes_found;

foreach ($haystack as $key1=>$value1) {
 
 if ($key1=== $needle){
 
  $nodes_found[] = $value1;
      
   }
    if (is_array($value1)){  
      array_search_key($needle, $value1);
    }
  
  
}

return $nodes_found;
}
$result = array_search_key('a', $foo);

print_r($result);

输出结果为如下:
 

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [xx] => bar 1
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [bb] => bar 3
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [yy] => bar 4
        )

)

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