静态变量只存在于函数作用域内,也就是说,静态变量只存活在栈中。一般的函数内变量在函数结束后会释放,比如局部变量,但是静态变量却不会。就是说,下次再调用这个函数的时候,该变量的值会保留下来。
只要在变量前加上关键字static,该变量就成为静态变量了。
<?php function test() { static $nm = 1; $nm = $nm * 2; print $nm."<br />"; } // 第一次执行,$nm = 2 test(); // 第一次执行,$nm = 4 test(); // 第一次执行,$nm = 8 test(); ?>
程序运行结果:
2 4 8
函数test()执行后,变量$nm的值都保存了下来了。
在class中经常使用到静态属性,比如静态成员、静态方法。
Program List:类的静态成员
静态变量$nm属于类bkjia,而不属于类的某个实例。这个变量对所有实例都有效。
::是作用域限定操作符,这里用的是self作用域,而不是$this作用域,$this作用域只表示类的当前实例,self::表示的是类本身。
<?php class bkjia { public static $nm = 1; function nmMethod() { self::$nm += 2; echo self::$nm . '<br />'; } } $nmInstance1 = new bkjia(); $nmInstance1 -> nmMethod(); $nmInstance2 = new bkjia(); $nmInstance2 -> nmMethod(); ?>
程序运行结果:
3 5
Program List:静态属性
<?php class NowaMagic { public static $nm = 'www.bkjia.com'; public function nmMethod() { return self::$nm; } } class Article extends NowaMagic { public function articleMethod() { return parent::$nm; } } // 通过作用于限定操作符访问静态变量 print NowaMagic::$nm . "<br />"; // 调用类的方法 $bkjia = new NowaMagic(); print $bkjia->nmMethod() . "<br />"; print Article::$nm . "<br />"; $nmArticle = new Article(); print $nmArticle->nmMethod() . "<br />"; ?>
程序运行结果:
www.bkjia.com www.bkjia.com www.bkjia.com www.bkjia.com
Program List:简单的静态构造器
PHP没有静态构造器,你可能需要初始化静态类,有一个很简单的方法,在类定义后面直接调用类的Demonstration()方法。
<?php function Demonstration() { return 'This is the result of demonstration()'; } class MyStaticClass { //public static $MyStaticVar = Demonstration(); //!!! FAILS: syntax error public static $MyStaticVar = null; public static function MyStaticInit() { //this is the static constructor //because in a function, everything is allowed, including initializing using other functions self::$MyStaticVar = Demonstration(); } } MyStaticClass::MyStaticInit(); //Call the static constructor echo MyStaticClass::$MyStaticVar; //This is the result of demonstration() ?>
程序运行结果:
This is the result of demonstration()

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