事情的起源比较简单,我需要把一个导航页的数据整理好写入数据库。一个比较直观的方法是对html文件进行分析,通用的方法是用php的正则表达式来匹配。但是这样做开发和维护都很困难,代码可读性非常差。 复制代码 代码如下: 复制代码 代码如下:
导航页的数据都是规则的排列在DOM树当中的,用JS可以用几个循环轻松的对其进行操作,而且JS需要依赖浏览器,操作数据库很困难。其实PHP就有现成的类库对DOM树种的节点进行增删改查操作,在此做一些笔记。
这里涉及到2个类 DOMDocument 和 DOMXPath。
其实思路比较明确,就是通过DOMDocument将一个html file转换成DOM树的数据结构,再用DOMXPath的实例去搜索这个DOM树,拿到想要特定节点,接下来就可以对当前节点的子树进行遍历,得到想要的结果。
在当前目录下有一个这样一个导航的html文件 "./hao.html"
现在需要得到所有标签的中文内容,php代码如下:
//将html/xml文件转换成DOM树
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->loadHTMLFile("hao.html");
//得到所有class为fix的dl标签
// example 1: for everything with an id
//$elements = $xpath->query("//*[@id]");
// example 2: for node data in a selected id
//$elements = $xpath->query("/html/body/div[@id='yourTagIdHere']");
// example 3: same as above with wildcard
//$elements = $xpath->query("*/div[@id='yourTagIdHere']");
$xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
$dls = $xpath->query('//dl[@class="fix"]');
foreach ($dls as $dl) {
$spans = $dl->childNodes;
foreach ($spans as $span) {
echo trim($span->textContent)."\t";
}
echo "\n";
}
?>
输出结果如下:
注意:值得注意的一点是DOMDocument的默认编码方式是Latin,所以在处理utf编码的中文的时候,需要在后面紧跟着填入
在其他位置,或者是只写上都是不识别的哦

php把负数转为正整数的方法:1、使用abs()函数将负数转为正数,使用intval()函数对正数取整,转为正整数,语法“intval(abs($number))”;2、利用“~”位运算符将负数取反加一,语法“~$number + 1”。

实现方法:1、使用“sleep(延迟秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒;2、使用“time_nanosleep(延迟秒数,延迟纳秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒和纳秒;3、使用“time_sleep_until(time()+7)”语句。

php字符串有下标。在PHP中,下标不仅可以应用于数组和对象,还可应用于字符串,利用字符串的下标和中括号“[]”可以访问指定索引位置的字符,并对该字符进行读写,语法“字符串名[下标值]”;字符串的下标值(索引值)只能是整数类型,起始值为0。

php除以100保留两位小数的方法:1、利用“/”运算符进行除法运算,语法“数值 / 100”;2、使用“number_format(除法结果, 2)”或“sprintf("%.2f",除法结果)”语句进行四舍五入的处理值,并保留两位小数。

判断方法:1、使用“strtotime("年-月-日")”语句将给定的年月日转换为时间戳格式;2、用“date("z",时间戳)+1”语句计算指定时间戳是一年的第几天。date()返回的天数是从0开始计算的,因此真实天数需要在此基础上加1。

在php中,可以使用substr()函数来读取字符串后几个字符,只需要将该函数的第二个参数设置为负值,第三个参数省略即可;语法为“substr(字符串,-n)”,表示读取从字符串结尾处向前数第n个字符开始,直到字符串结尾的全部字符。

方法:1、用“str_replace(" ","其他字符",$str)”语句,可将nbsp符替换为其他字符;2、用“preg_replace("/(\s|\ \;||\xc2\xa0)/","其他字符",$str)”语句。

php判断有没有小数点的方法:1、使用“strpos(数字字符串,'.')”语法,如果返回小数点在字符串中第一次出现的位置,则有小数点;2、使用“strrpos(数字字符串,'.')”语句,如果返回小数点在字符串中最后一次出现的位置,则有。


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