本文实例分析了Python兔子毒药问题。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
问题大致是这样的:1000瓶无色无味的液体,其中一瓶为毒药,其它皆为清水,毒药只取一滴与清水混合为一瓶也可以毒死兔子。现在有10只兔子,当兔子喝下毒药两个小时后死去,请设计一种方案,能够在24小时内找到这瓶毒药。
................2分钟后
前面的问题你一定想清楚了,那么略改动一下:1000瓶无色无味的液体,其中一瓶为毒药,其它皆为清水,毒药只取一滴与清水混合为一瓶也可以毒死兔子。现在有10只兔子,当兔子喝下毒药20个小时后死去,请设计一种方案,能够在24小时内找到这瓶毒药。
................2分钟后
有多种方法,比如我每隔5分钟给兔子喝一次100瓶液体混合在一起的东西,根据兔子死去的先后顺序,就可以判断是那一瓶了。
有没有更好的办法呢,我这里仅仅提供一种时间最优的方法,也就是在20个小时找到这瓶毒药。当然也可以有死的兔子最少,在死去兔子和时间找到一个最佳折中点的优化问题。
方法如下:
给10只兔子编号1-10,每只兔子代表一个数,列表如下:
编号 1 2 3 4 5 ... 10
数字 1 2 4 8 16 ... 512
瓶子也有编号,依次为1-1000。 呵呵,聪明的你应该知道我要怎么做了吧,不过我还是要说下去,并写python代码来实现。
我希望是当编号为Y1,Y2,Y3...的兔子死去时,可以推导出编号为X瓶子为毒药。比如编号为1,2,4的兔子死去,那就得知 兔子对应的数字 为1+2+8=11,就是编号为11的瓶子是毒药。比如编号为1,4,10的兔子死去,那就得知 兔子对应的数字 为1+8+512=521,就是编号为521的瓶子是毒药。
现在的问题就是要知道编号不同的每只兔子要喝哪几瓶液体。
Python代码如下:
def main(): """ baselist是兔子编号从1-10对应的数字, result是最终每只兔子要喝的液体 """ baselist=[1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512] result=[[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[],[]] for water in range(1,1001): watertmp=water for i in range(9,-1,-1): if (watertmp-baselist[i])>=0: watertmp -= baselist[i] result[i].append(water) for i in range(1,11): print "The Num %d rabit need drink the next liquid " % i+1,result[i] pass if __name__=="__main__": main()
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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