Home >Backend Development >Python Tutorial >python实现爬虫统计学校BBS男女比例之数据处理(三)

python实现爬虫统计学校BBS男女比例之数据处理(三)

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-10 15:06:541759browse

本文主要介绍了数据处理方面的内容,希望大家仔细阅读。

一、数据分析

得到了以下列字符串开头的文本数据,我们需要进行处理

二、回滚

我们需要对httperror的数据进行再处理

因为代码的原因,具体可见本系列文章(二),会导致文本里面同一个id连续出现几次httperror记录:

//httperror265001_266001.txt
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265002 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror
265003 httperror

所以我们在代码里要考虑这种情形,不能每一行的id都进行处理,是判断是否重复的id。

java里面有缓存方法可以避免频繁读取硬盘上的文件,python其实也有,可以见这篇文章。

def main():
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
  global sexRe,timeRe,notexistRe,url1,url2,file1,file2,file3,file4,startNum,endNum,file5
  sexRe = re.compile(u'em>\u6027\u522b</em>(.*&#63;)</li')
  timeRe = re.compile(u'em>\u4e0a\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4</em>(.*&#63;)</li')
  notexistRe = re.compile(u'(p>)\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u60a8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<')
  url1 = 'http://rs.xidian.edu.cn/home.php&#63;mod=space&uid=%s'
  url2 = 'http://rs.xidian.edu.cn/home.php&#63;mod=space&uid=%s&do=profile'
  file1 = 'ruisi\\correct_re.txt'
  file2 = 'ruisi\\errTime_re.txt'
  file3 = 'ruisi\\notexist_re.txt'
  file4 = 'ruisi\\unkownsex_re.txt'
  file5 = 'ruisi\\httperror_re.txt'

  #遍历文件夹里面以httperror开头的文本
  for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
    if filename.startswith('httperror'):
      count = 0
      newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
      readFile = open(newName,'r')
      oldLine = '0'
      for line in readFile:
        #newLine 用来比较是否是重复的id
        newLine = line
        if (newLine != oldLine):
          nu = newLine.split()[0]
          oldLine = newLine
          count += 1
          searchWeb((int(nu),))
      print "%s deal %s lines" %(filename, count)

本代码为了简便,没有再把httperror的那些id分类,直接存储为下面这5个文件里

 file1 = 'ruisi\\correct_re.txt'
  file2 = 'ruisi\\errTime_re.txt'
  file3 = 'ruisi\\notexist_re.txt'
  file4 = 'ruisi\\unkownsex_re.txt'
  file5 = 'ruisi\\httperror_re.txt'

可以看下输出Log记录,总共处理了多少个httperror的数据。

"D:\Program Files\Python27\python.exe" E:/pythonProject/webCrawler/reload.py
httperror132001-133001.txt deal 21 lines
httperror2001-3001.txt deal 4 lines
httperror251001-252001.txt deal 5 lines
httperror254001-255001.txt deal 1 lines

三、单线程统计unkownsex 数据

代码简单,我们利用单线程统计一下unkownsex(由于权限原因无法获取、或者该用户没有填写)的用户。另外,经过我们检查,没有性别的用户也是没有活动时间的。

数据格式如下:

253042 unkownsex
253087 unkownsex
253102 unkownsex
253118 unkownsex
253125 unkownsex
253136 unkownsex
253161 unkownsex

import os,time
sumCount = 0

startTime = time.clock()

for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
  if filename.startswith('unkownsex'):
    count = 0
    newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
    readFile = open(newName,'r')
    for line in open(newName):
      count += 1
      sumCount +=1
    print "%s deal %s lines" %(filename, count)
print '%s unkowns sex' %(sumCount)

endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"

处理速度很快,输出如下:

unkownsex1-1001.txt deal 204 lines
unkownsex100001-101001.txt deal 50 lines
unkownsex10001-11001.txt deal 206 lines
#...省略中间输出信息
unkownsex99001-100001.txt deal 56 lines
unkownsex_re.txt deal 1085 lines
14223 unkowns sex
cost time 0.0813142301261 s

四、单线程统计 correct 数据

数据格式如下:

31024 男 2014-11-11 13:20
31283 男 2013-3-25 19:41
31340 保密 2015-2-2 15:17
31427 保密 2014-8-10 09:17
31475 保密 2013-7-2 08:59
31554 保密 2014-10-17 17:02
31621 男 2015-5-16 19:27
31872 保密 2015-1-11 16:49
31915 保密 2014-5-4 11:01
31997 保密 2015-5-16 20:14

代码如下,实现思路就是一行一行读取,利用line.split()获取性别信息。sumCount 是统计一个多少人,boycount 、girlcount 、secretcount 分别统计男、女、保密的人数。我们还是利用unicode进行正则匹配。

import os,sys,time
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
startTime = time.clock()
sumCount = 0
boycount = 0
girlcount = 0
secretcount = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
  if filename.startswith('correct'):
    newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
    readFile = open(newName,'r')
    for line in readFile:
      sexInfo = line.split()[1]
      sumCount +=1
      if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
        boycount += 1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
        girlcount +=1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
        secretcount +=1
    print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
print "total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(sumCount, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"

注意,我们输出的是截止某个文件的统计信息,而不是单个文件的统计情况。输出结果如下:

until correct1-1001.txt, sum is 110 boys; 7 girls; 414 secret;
until correct100001-101001.txt, sum is 125 boys; 13 girls; 542 secret;
#...省略
until correct99001-100001.txt, sum is 11070 boys; 3113 girls; 26636 secret;
until correct_re.txt, sum is 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
total is 46885; 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
cost time 3.60047888495 s

五、多线程统计数据

为了更快统计,我们可以利用多线程。
作为对比,我们试下单线程需要的时间。

# encoding: UTF-8
import threading
import time,os,sys

#全局变量
SUM = 0
BOY = 0
GIRL = 0
SECRET = 0
NUM =0

#本来继承自threading.Thread,覆盖run()方法,用start()启动线程
#这和java里面很像
class StaFileList(threading.Thread):
  #文本名称列表
  fileList = []

  def __init__(self, fileList):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self)
    self.fileList = fileList

  def run(self):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET
    #可以加上个耗时时间,这样多线程更加明显,而不是顺序的thread-1,2,3
    #time.sleep(1)
    #acquire获取锁
    if mutex.acquire(1):
      self.staFiles(self.fileList)
      #release释放锁
      mutex.release()

  #处理输入的files列表,统计男女人数
  #注意这儿数据同步问题,global使用全局变量
  def staFiles(self, files):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET
    for name in files:
      newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
      readFile = open(newName,'r')
      for line in readFile:
        sexInfo = line.split()[1]
        SUM +=1
        if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
          BOY += 1
        elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
          GIRL +=1
        elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
          SECRET +=1
      # print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
      #    " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)


def test():
  #files保存多个文件,可以设定一个线程处理多少个文件
  files = []

  #用来保存所有的线程,方便最后主线程等待所以子线程结束
  staThreads = []
  i = 0
  for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
    #没获取10个文本,就创建一个线程
    if filename.startswith('correct'):
      files.append(filename)
      i+=1
      #一个线程处理20个文件
      if i == 20 :
        staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
        files = []
        i = 0
  #最后剩余的files,很可能长度不足10个
  if files:
    staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))

  for t in staThreads:
    t.start()
  # 主线程中等待所有子线程退出,如果不加这个,速度更快些?
  for t in staThreads:
    t.join()



if __name__ == '__main__':
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
  startTime = time.clock()
  mutex = threading.Lock()
  test()
  print "Multi Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
  endTime = time.clock()
  print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"

输出

Multi Thread, total is 46885; 13937 boys; 4007 girls; 28941 secret;
cost time 0.132137192794 s

我们发现时间和单线程差不多。因为这儿涉及到线程同步问题,获取锁和释放锁都是需要时间开销的,线程间切换保存中断和恢复中断也都是需要时间开销的。

六、较多数据的单线程和多线程对比

我们可以对correct、errTime 、unkownsex的文本都进行处理。
单线程代码

# coding=utf-8
import os,sys,time
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
startTime = time.clock()
sumCount = 0
boycount = 0
girlcount = 0
secretcount = 0
unkowncount = 0
for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
  # 有性别、活动时间
  if filename.startswith('correct') :
    newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
    readFile = open(newName,'r')
    for line in readFile:
      sexInfo =line.split()[1]
      sumCount +=1
      if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
        boycount += 1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
        girlcount +=1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
        secretcount +=1
    # print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
  #没有活动时间,但是有性别
  elif filename.startswith("errTime"):
    newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
    readFile = open(newName,'r')
    for line in readFile:
      sexInfo =line.split()[1]
      sumCount +=1
      if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
        boycount += 1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
        girlcount +=1
      elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
        secretcount +=1
    # print "until %s, sum is %s boys; %s girls; %s secret;" %(filename, boycount,girlcount,secretcount)
  #没有性别,也没有时间,直接统计行数
  elif filename.startswith("unkownsex"):
    newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (filename)
    # count = len(open(newName,'rU').readlines())
    #对于大文件用循环方法,count 初始值为 -1 是为了应对空行的情况,最后+1得到0行
    count = -1
    for count, line in enumerate(open(newName, 'rU')):
      pass
    count += 1
    unkowncount += count
    sumCount += count
    # print "until %s, sum is %s unkownsex" %(filename, unkowncount)



print "Single Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret; %s unkownsex;" %(sumCount, boycount,girlcount,secretcount,unkowncount)
endTime = time.clock()
print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"

输出为

Single Thread, total is 61111;  13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret; 14223 unkownsex;
cost time 1.37444645628 s

多线程代码

__author__ = 'admin'
# encoding: UTF-8
#多线程处理程序
import threading
import time,os,sys

#全局变量
SUM = 0
BOY = 0
GIRL = 0
SECRET = 0
UNKOWN = 0

class StaFileList(threading.Thread):
  #文本名称列表
  fileList = []

  def __init__(self, fileList):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self)
    self.fileList = fileList

  def run(self):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET
    if mutex.acquire(1):
      self.staManyFiles(self.fileList)
      mutex.release()

  #处理输入的files列表,统计男女人数
  #注意这儿数据同步问题
  def staCorrectFiles(self, files):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET
    for name in files:
      newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
      readFile = open(newName,'r')
      for line in readFile:
        sexInfo = line.split()[1]
        SUM +=1
        if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
          BOY += 1
        elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
          GIRL +=1
        elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
          SECRET +=1
      # print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
      #    " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)

  def staManyFiles(self, files):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET,UNKOWN
    for name in files:
      if name.startswith('correct') :
        newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
        readFile = open(newName,'r')
        for line in readFile:
          sexInfo = line.split()[1]
          SUM +=1
          if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
            BOY += 1
          elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
            GIRL +=1
          elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
            SECRET +=1
        # print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
        #    " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
      #没有活动时间,但是有性别
      elif name.startswith("errTime"):
        newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
        readFile = open(newName,'r')
        for line in readFile:
          sexInfo = line.split()[1]
          SUM +=1
          if sexInfo == u'\u7537' :
            BOY += 1
          elif sexInfo == u'\u5973':
            GIRL +=1
          elif sexInfo == u'\u4fdd\u5bc6':
            SECRET +=1
        # print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls;" \
        #    " %s secret;" %(self.name, name, SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET)
      #没有性别,也没有时间,直接统计行数
      elif name.startswith("unkownsex"):
        newName = 'E:\\pythonProject\\ruisi\\%s' % (name)
        # count = len(open(newName,'rU').readlines())
        #对于大文件用循环方法,count 初始值为 -1 是为了应对空行的情况,最后+1得到0行
        count = -1
        for count, line in enumerate(open(newName, 'rU')):
          pass
        count += 1
        UNKOWN += count
        SUM += count
        # print "thread %s, until %s, total is %s; %s unkownsex" %(self.name, name, SUM, UNKOWN)


def test():
  files = []
  #用来保存所有的线程,方便最后主线程等待所以子线程结束
  staThreads = []
  i = 0
  for filename in os.listdir(r'E:\pythonProject\ruisi'):
    #没获取10个文本,就创建一个线程
    if filename.startswith("correct") or filename.startswith("errTime") or filename.startswith("unkownsex"):
      files.append(filename)
      i+=1
      if i == 20 :
        staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))
        files = []
        i = 0
  #最后剩余的files,很可能长度不足10个
  if files:
    staThreads.append(StaFileList(files))

  for t in staThreads:
    t.start()
  # 主线程中等待所有子线程退出
  for t in staThreads:
    t.join()



if __name__ == '__main__':
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
  startTime = time.clock()
  mutex = threading.Lock()
  test()
  print "Multi Thread, total is %s; %s boys; %s girls; %s secret; %s unkownsex" %(SUM, BOY,GIRL,SECRET,UNKOWN)
  endTime = time.clock()
  print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"
  endTime = time.clock()
  print "cost time " + str(endTime - startTime) + " s"

输出为

Multi Thread, total is 61111;  13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret;
cost time 1.23049112201 s
可以看出多线程还是优于单线程的,由于使用的同步,数据统计是一直的。

注意python在类内部经常需要加上self,这点和java区别很大。

 def __init__(self, fileList):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self)
    self.fileList = fileList

  def run(self):
    global SUM, BOY, GIRL, SECRET
    if mutex.acquire(1):
      #调用类内部方法需要加self
      self.staFiles(self.fileList)
      mutex.release()

total is 61111;  13937 boys; 4009 girls; 28942 secret; 14223 unkownsex;
cost time 1.25413238673 s

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

Statement:
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn