要自动发微博最简单的办法无非是调用新浪微博的API(因为只是简单的发微博,就没必要用它的SDK了)。参考开发文档http://open.weibo.com/wiki/API 进行代码编写
创建应用
要使用微博的API,需先要有个应用。随便是个应用就行,可以到这里注册一个站内应用应用注册。注册应用的主要目的是要获得MY_APPKEY 和MY_ACCESS_TOKEN,如图所示
获取access_token
API的调用需要登录授权获得access_token。参考
首先,调用https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize接口,获得code。
该接口有三个必须的参数:
•client_id:申请应用时分配的AppKey。
•redirect_url:就是创建应用中设置的回调地址
•response_type:响应类型,可设置为code
具体做法,就是在浏览器打开https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=123050457758183&redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/response&response_type=code。该方法会转到授权页面,授权之后会转到http://www.example.com/response&code=CODE,记录下该url中的CODE。
接着,调用https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/access_token接口,获得access_token。
该接口有如下必须的参数:
•client_id:申请应用时分配的AppKey。
•client_secret:申请应用时分配的AppSecret。
•grant_type:请求的类型,填写authorization_code
•code:调用authorize获得的code值。
•redirect_uri: 就是创建应用中设置的回调地址
具体做法就是构建一个POST请求,再在返回的数据中找到access_token,保存下来。具体的Python代码:
import requests url_get_token = "https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/access_token" #构建POST参数 playload = { "client_id":"填入你的", "client_secret":"填入你的", "grant_type":"authorization_code", "code":"上面获得的CODE", "redirect_uri":"你的回调用地址" } #POST请求 r = requests.post(url_get_token,data=playload) #输出响应信息 print r.text
如果正常的话,会返回下面这样的json数据:
{"access_token":"我们要记下的","remind_in":"157679999","expires_in":157679999,"uid":"1739207845"}
根据返回的数据,access_token的值就是我们要的。其中remind_in的值是access_token的有效期,单位为秒,我们可以看到,这个时间有3、4年之久,足够我们用了。
发表纯文字微博
调用接口https://api.weibo.com/2/statuses/update.json发表文字微博,其参数如下
其中必须的:
•access_token: 就是我们上一步获得的access_token
•status:要发布的微博文本内容,必须做URLencode,内容不超过140个汉字
具体代码:
#发表文字微博的接口 url_post_a_text = "https://api.weibo.com/2/statuses/update.json" #构建POST参数 playload = { "access_token":"填入你的", "status":"This is a text test@TaceyWong" } #POST请求,发表文字微博 r = requests.post(url_post_a_text,data = playload)
如果正常,会有向下面这样的结果
发表带图片的微博
调用接口http://open.weibo.com/wiki/2/statuses/upload发表图片微博,其参数如下:
其中必须的参数:
•access_token: 就是我们上一步获得的access_token
•status:要发布的微博文本内容,必须做URLencode,内容不超过140个汉字
•pic:要发表的图片,采用multipart/form-data编码方式
具体的代码:
#发表图文微博的接口 url_post_pic = "https://upload.api.weibo.com/2/statuses/upload.json" #构建文本类POST参数 playload={ "access_token":"2.0086XhtBIQLH7Ed67706b6c8TQ8XdE", "status":"Test:Post a text with a pic & AT someone@丸子覠" } #构建二进制multipart/form-data编码的参数 files={ "pic":open("logo.png","rb") } #POST请求,发表微博 r = requests.post(url_post_pic,data=playload,files = files)
如果正常,结果会像下面这样:
注:requests的具体用法请参考[requests文档](http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/)

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