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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialPython脚本实现自动发带图的微博

 要自动发微博最简单的办法无非是调用新浪微博的API(因为只是简单的发微博,就没必要用它的SDK了)。参考开发文档http://open.weibo.com/wiki/API 进行代码编写

创建应用

要使用微博的API,需先要有个应用。随便是个应用就行,可以到这里注册一个站内应用应用注册。注册应用的主要目的是要获得MY_APPKEY 和MY_ACCESS_TOKEN,如图所示

获取access_token

API的调用需要登录授权获得access_token。参考

首先,调用https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize接口,获得code。

该接口有三个必须的参数:

•client_id:申请应用时分配的AppKey。
•redirect_url:就是创建应用中设置的回调地址
•response_type:响应类型,可设置为code

具体做法,就是在浏览器打开https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=123050457758183&redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/response&response_type=code。该方法会转到授权页面,授权之后会转到http://www.example.com/response&code=CODE,记录下该url中的CODE。

接着,调用https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/access_token接口,获得access_token。

该接口有如下必须的参数:

•client_id:申请应用时分配的AppKey。
•client_secret:申请应用时分配的AppSecret。
•grant_type:请求的类型,填写authorization_code
•code:调用authorize获得的code值。
•redirect_uri: 就是创建应用中设置的回调地址

具体做法就是构建一个POST请求,再在返回的数据中找到access_token,保存下来。具体的Python代码:

import requests
url_get_token = "https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/access_token"
#构建POST参数
playload = {
"client_id":"填入你的",
"client_secret":"填入你的",
"grant_type":"authorization_code",
"code":"上面获得的CODE",
"redirect_uri":"你的回调用地址"
}
#POST请求
r = requests.post(url_get_token,data=playload)
#输出响应信息
print r.text 

如果正常的话,会返回下面这样的json数据:

{"access_token":"我们要记下的","remind_in":"157679999","expires_in":157679999,"uid":"1739207845"}

根据返回的数据,access_token的值就是我们要的。其中remind_in的值是access_token的有效期,单位为秒,我们可以看到,这个时间有3、4年之久,足够我们用了。

发表纯文字微博

调用接口https://api.weibo.com/2/statuses/update.json发表文字微博,其参数如下

其中必须的:

•access_token: 就是我们上一步获得的access_token
•status:要发布的微博文本内容,必须做URLencode,内容不超过140个汉字

具体代码:

#发表文字微博的接口
url_post_a_text = "https://api.weibo.com/2/statuses/update.json"
#构建POST参数
playload = {
"access_token":"填入你的",
"status":"This is a text test@TaceyWong"
}
#POST请求,发表文字微博
r = requests.post(url_post_a_text,data = playload) 

如果正常,会有向下面这样的结果

发表带图片的微博

调用接口http://open.weibo.com/wiki/2/statuses/upload发表图片微博,其参数如下:

其中必须的参数:

•access_token: 就是我们上一步获得的access_token
•status:要发布的微博文本内容,必须做URLencode,内容不超过140个汉字
•pic:要发表的图片,采用multipart/form-data编码方式

具体的代码:

#发表图文微博的接口
url_post_pic = "https://upload.api.weibo.com/2/statuses/upload.json"
#构建文本类POST参数
playload={
"access_token":"2.0086XhtBIQLH7Ed67706b6c8TQ8XdE",
"status":"Test:Post a text with a pic & AT someone@丸子覠"
}
#构建二进制multipart/form-data编码的参数
files={
"pic":open("logo.png","rb")
}
#POST请求,发表微博
r = requests.post(url_post_pic,data=playload,files = files)

如果正常,结果会像下面这样:

注:requests的具体用法请参考[requests文档](http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/)

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