http://www.phpweblog.net/young40/archive/2007/11/21/2365.html
通常来说,类和对象(类的实例)之间是一对多的关系。但是某些情况下,我们只
需要一个类的一个实例。比如多个实例的多样性反倒会带来一些不可控因素,多
次的实例化,是一种资源的浪费,降低了效率;又如他们是工厂对象(factory
object),用来创建系统中的其他对象,等等。这时候,较好的处理方式就是让类
的实例具有单一性:保障这个类在运行过程中最多生成一个实例( Singleton 模
式),或者让所有的实例保持一致( Monostate 模式)。
PHP 下实现 Singleton 模式示例:
php
class Singleton
{
private static $instance;
private function __construct()
{
}
public static function instance()
{
if

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