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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial一个单引号引发的MYSQL性能问题分析

刚刚我们说过了,生活中难免会有一些不如意,比如,我们用一个字符串类型的字段来作为主键,表面上,这太不如意了,然而,事实也证明这是有用的。

对于大型的系统而言,Oracle,SQLServer无疑是最好的选择,可看看现在越来越多的小网站,他们没有自己的服务器,只是买别人的空间和数据库,但这种小型的数据库在性能上当然和大型数据库没有对比性,但小型的数据库也要对自己的优化方式,今天和大家分享Mysql中加没加单引号的巨大区别,对于MYSQL性能优化很有意义。

刚刚我们说过了,生活中难免会有一些不如意,比如,我们用一个字符串类型的字段来作为主键,表面上,这太不如意了,然而,事实也证明这是有用的。问题也就出来了,当在查询语句中对该字段值加上单引号和不加查询耗时相差百倍!

测试表:
代码如下:
CREATE TABLE `foo` ( `key` varchar(10) NOT NULL, `time` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`key`)) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

然后插入30多万条数据,然后执行下面的SQL语句:
代码如下:
SELECT *FROM `foo`WHERE `key` =1293322797

查询花费 0.1288 秒,大约花费这么久的时间,然后,给1293322797加上单引号:
代码如下:
SELECT *FROM `foo`WHERE `key` ='1293322797'

查询花费 0.0009 秒,基本上相差100倍!!!也就是说不加单引号MYSQL性能损失了100倍,很震撼的比例!

后来用EXPLAIN分别跑了一下上面两条语句,见下面两张图:


没有单引号时


有单引号时

很明显,不使用单引号没有用上主索引,并进行了全表扫描,使用单引号就能使用上索引了。
后来我用大于分别进行了测试,返回的结果集相同,而他们的耗时和上面一样,用EXPLAIN测试,也和上面一样
代码如下:
SELECT *FROM `foo`WHERE `key` >1293322797SELECT *FROM `foo`WHERE `key` >'1293322797'

加单引号和不加单引号就是这么大的差别!就是会对mysql性能产生这么大的影响。
再后来,我将字段`key`换成INT类型,这时候,加不加单引号,就没有什么差别了,EXPLAIN显示他们都同样能够用上主索引,只是key_len变短了。

就是这些,综上所述,我们在写SQL查询的时候还是不厌其烦的加上单引号吧,似乎那没有坏处。

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