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oracle快速删除重复的记录

正在看的ORACLE教程是:oracle快速删除重复的记录。做项目的时候,一位同事导数据的时候,不小心把一个表中的数据全都搞重了,也就是说,这个表里所有的记录都有一条重复的。这个表的数据是千万级的,而且是生产系统。也就是说,不能把所有的记录都删除,而且必须快速的把重复记录删掉。

对此,总结了一下删除重复记录的方法,以及每种方法的优缺点。

为了陈诉方便,假设表名为Tbl,表中有三列col1,col2,col3,其中col1,col2是主键,并且,col1,col2上加了索引。

1、通过创建临时表

可以把数据先导入到一个临时表中,然后删除原表的数据,再把数据导回原表,SQL语句如下:

creat table tbl_tmp (select distinct* from tbl);truncate table tbl;//清空表记录insert into tbl select * from tbl_tmp;//将临时表中的数据插回来。
这种方法可以实现需求,但是很明显,对于一个千万级记录的表,这种方法很慢,在生产系统中,这会给系统带来很大的开销,不可行。

2、利用rowid

在oracle中,每一条记录都有一个rowid,rowid在整个数据库中是唯一的,rowid确定了每条记录是oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。在重复的记录中,可能所有列的内容都相同,但rowid不会相同。SQL语句如下:

delete from tbl where rowid in (select a.rowid from tbl a, tbl b where a.rowid>b.rowid and a.col1=b.col1 and a.col2 = b.col2)
如果已经知道每条记录只有一条重复的,这个sql语句适用。但是如果每条记录的重复记录有N条,这个N是未知的,就要考虑适用下面这种方法了。

3、利用max或min函数

这里也要使用rowid,与上面不同的是结合max或min函数来实现。SQL语句如下

delete from tbl awhere rowid not in (select max(b.rowid) from tbl b where a.col1=b.col1 and a.col2 = b.col2);//这里max使用min也可以
或者用下面的语句

delete from tbl awhere rowid"
跟上面的方法思路基本是一样的,不过使用了group by,减少了显性的比较条件,提高效率。SQL语句如下:

deletefrom tbl where rowid not in (select max(rowid) from tbl tgroup by t.col1, t.col2);delete from tbl where (col1, col2) in (select col1,col2 from tblgroup bycol1,col2havingcount(*) >1)and rowidnotin(selectnin(rowid)fromtblgroup bycol1,col2havingcount(*) >1)
还有一种方法,对于表中有重复记录的记录比较少的,并且有索引的情况,比较适用。假定col1,col2上有索引,并且tbl表中有重复记录的记录比较少,SQL语句如下4、利用group by,提高效率
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