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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialCentOS mysql安装系统方法

CentOS mysql安装还是很常用的软件,我就学习如何CentOS mysql安装,在这里拿出来和大家分享一下,希望对大家有用。

CentOS linux由于同时具有与RHEL的兼容性和企业级应用的稳定性,又允许用户自由使用,因此得到了越来越广泛的应用。
1]CentOS mysql安装解压
[root@localhost root]# cd /usr/local/mysql/software
[root@localhost software]# ls
mysql-4.0.16.tar.gz
[root@localhost software]#tar zxvf mysql-4.0.16.tar.gz
2]CentOS mysql安装和CentOS mysql编译:在这个地方值得注意的是,我们要把mysql-4.0.16安装到我们指定的目录中,为了系统和安全和优化,建议把自己用源码包安装的服务器类软件都放在/usr/local/mysql 目录里。所以在这里,我们就要把mysql-4.0.16也安装到/usr/local/mysql/mysql这个目录中;
[root@localhost software]#cd
[root@localhost software]# cd mysql-4.0.16
[root@localhost mysql-4.0.16]#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/mysql --with-mysqld-user=beinan --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/mysql/var/mysql.sock
[注]关于configure的选项的一点说明:
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/mysql 把mysql-4.0.16指定安装到/usr/local/mysql/mysql目录中;
--with-extra-charsets=all 对多语言的支持;
--with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/mysql/var/mysql.sock 这个是指定mysql服务器启动后,联机套接字文件所处的位置和文件名,也就是说,如果mysql服务器成功启动后,就能在/usr/local /mysql/mysql/var目录中看到mysql.sock文件。如果看不到,肯定是CentOS mysql安装启动不了。
--with-mysqld-user=beinan 这个是让mysql服务器也能让系统中普通用户beinan也能启动CentOS mysql服务器。当然要活学活用了你也可以把beinan换成你的系统中已经存在的普通用户,比如您的系统中已经存在sir这个用户,那就把 beinan替换成sir就行了。用普通用户来启动CentOS mysql安装的好处是:mysql的进程会自己死掉自动退出。当然root用户也可以,不过有时CentOS mysql安装有些进程死了,但不会自动退出,root自己也杀不掉。所以用普通用户就有这样的好处,大多不会出现CentOS mysql进程已死,但不会退出的情况;
[root@localhost mysql-4.0.16]#make
[root@localhost mysql-4.0.16]#make install
这样就安装完了
3]CentOS mysql配制:安装只是第一步,我们还要对CentOS mysql安装相应的配制;
一般的情况下CentOS mysql安装要找配制文件my.cnf,位置在/etc目录下,所以我们得把文件my.cnf文件放到/etc/目录下。让CentOS mysql服务器启动时能找到它。
我们CentOS mysql安装后,配制文件应该在/usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql目录中,配制文件有几个,比如my-huge.cnf my-medium.cnf my-large.cnf my-small.cnf
,不同的流量的网站和不同配制的服务器环境,当然需要有不同的配制文件了。一般的情况下,my-medium.cnf这个配制文件就能满足我们的大多需要;
进入/usr/local/mysql这个目录,看一下是不是已经安装好了呢??
[root@localhost mysql-4.0.16]# cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin include info lib libexec man mysql-test share sql-bench
我们把/usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql这个目录下的my-medium.cnf,复制为my.cnf到/etc目录下。
[root@localhost mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
做了这些工作以后,还得创造MySQL授权表, 否则数据库也是启动不了。mysql_install_db,这个命令的用途就是做这个的。CentOS mysql命令都安装到了/usr/local/mysql/mysql/bin这个目录中。
[root@localhost mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db
运行mysql_install_db命令过后,我们查看/usr/local/mysql/mysql就会发现,有个var的目录。这个目录,就是用来装所有数据库的位置,比如我们创建了linuxsir的数据库后,就在在/usr/local/mysql/mysql/var目录中有linuxsir的目录。这回应该明白了吧。
4]启动CentOS mysql服务器,可能这是最轻松的了,不过也不能高兴的太早,因为有时会出现权限方面的错误。
CentOS mysql服务器启动,应该是/usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql目录中的 mysql.server
启动方法是:
[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server start
如果不能启动请运行/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=root 就能够启动了!!
接着输入/usr/local/mysql/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server start即可成功启动
好了,我们把密码设置为123456 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
如果没有返回错误说明正确了。
接着输入/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p就可以管理CentOS mysql安装了。
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