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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL UPDATE更新语句精解第1/4页

mysql update命令的一些详细用法分析,真是不错的好东西,建议大家看看。

一、INSERT和REPLACE
INSERT和REPLACE语句的功能都是向表中插入新的数据。这两条语句的语法类似。它们的主要区别是如何处理重复的数据。
1. INSERT的一般用法
MySQL中的INSERT语句和标准的INSERT不太一样,在标准的SQL语句中,一次插入一条记录的INSERT语句只有一种形式。
INSERT INTO tablename(列名…) VALUES(列值);
而在MySQL中还有另外一种形式。
INSERT INTO tablename SET column_name1 = value1, column_name2 = value2,…;
第一种方法将列名和列值分开了,在使用时,列名必须和列值的数一致。如下面的语句向users表中插入了一条记录:
INSERT INTO users(id, name, age) VALUES(123, '姚明', 25);
第二种方法允许列名和列值成对出现和使用,如下面的语句将产生中样的效果。
INSERT INTO users SET id = 123, name = '姚明', age = 25;
如果使用了SET方式,必须至少为一列赋值。如果某一个字段使用了省缺值(如默认或自增值),这两种方法都可以省略这些字段。如id字段上使用了自增值,上面两条语句可以写成如下形式:
INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES('姚明',25);
INSERT INTO uses SET name = '姚明', age = 25;
MySQL在VALUES上也做了些变化。如果VALUES中什么都不写,那MySQL将使用表中每一列的默认值来插入新记录。
INSERT INTO users () VALUES();
如果表名后什么都不写,就表示向表中所有的字段赋值。使用这种方式,不仅在VALUES中的值要和列数一致,而且顺序不能颠倒。 INSERT INTO users VALUES(123, '姚明', 25);
如果将INSERT语句写成如下形式MySQL将会报错。
INSERT INTO users VALUES('姚明',25);
2. 使用INSERT插入多条记录
看到这个标题也许大家会问,这有什么好说的,调用多次INSERT语句不就可以插入多条记录了吗!但使用这种方法要增加服务器的负荷,因为,执行每一次SQL服务器都要同样对SQL进行分析、优化等操作。幸好MySQL提供了另一种解决方案,就是使用一条INSERT语句来插入多条记录。这并不是标准的SQL语法,因此只能在MySQL中使用。
INSERT INTO users(name, age) VALUES('姚明', 25), ('比尔.盖茨', 50), ('火星人', 600);
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