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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial优化虚拟化中的IBM DB2 pureScale事务吞吐量

如今,硬件虚拟化盛行于整个 IT 行业。用一台服务器执行之前几台服务器才能完成的工作量,对于任何规模的企业来说都是一个极好的价值取向。尽管有大量文档(在线文档和印刷文档)可供使用,但浩瀚的资源很难驾驭。

本文将向您介绍如何通过提供一系列高级的、划规和部署的最佳实践,以及一系列简易的优化步骤来应对这一挑战,使用的样例环境为 IBM POWER7® 运行一个 IBM DB2® pureScale®。

如今,数据库服务器有可能在一个虚拟机 (VM) 上实现,其中处理器、内存、磁盘和网络组件都是从物理机器上的一个共享的可用资源池中进行分配。这使得可以将多个工作负载整合到单个服务器上。尽管较大的物理机器可能需要更高的前期成本,但是将许多工作负载整合到一个服务器上意味着能够更高效地使用系统资源,这有助于降低电力消耗、减少数据中心空间占用,最终实现更低的总拥有成本 (TOC)。

然而,这种范式在物理机器中引入了一个协调机制(也是这种范式的本质),可进行分配、映射和管理虚拟主机或 IBM Power Systems 上称作的逻辑分区 (LPAR) 的物理资源。这一机制(通常称之为虚拟机管理程序)的实现可以提供一个健壮的、可伸缩且可管理的虚拟化解决方案,可帮助最小化客户投资回报率 (ROI)。

虚拟机管理程序是 IBM PowerVM™ 虚拟化解决方案的一部分,可以获取 LPAR 配置文件并将它们以一种高效无缝的方式部署到 IBM Power Systems。它可以虚拟化多个操作系统 (OS),还具有可扩展性,可以在一个服务器上部署多达数千个 VM,同时也可以集成一整套工具来快速便捷地规划、部署和管理 LPAR。

例如,使用 IBM PowerVM 解决方案,不仅可以设置 LPAR 接收的资源数量,还可以控制(来自同一界面)这些资源(比如,处理器和内存)在其他系统 LPAR 之间的共享方法。如果有一些不太重要的 LPAR,它们经常空转,最好实现一个共享处理的 LPAR 配置文件。这意味着,未被使用的处理资源可以放入共享处理池,供其他 LPAR 使用。如果 LPAR 是任务关键型的,尽管有时候也是闲置的,但您需要设置一个专用处理配置文件,处理资源严格耦合该 LPAR,其他 LPAR 不可用。

有大量虚拟化文献可供使用(参见以下参考资料 部分),从简短文章到综合书籍;锁定各种场景,从特定数据库和应用程序中间件工作负载到通用的主机部署策略。本文将提供一个 LPAR 规划和部署最佳实践的简短列表,随后通过一系列最优化步骤使用一个样例数据库环境在 IBM POWER7® 服务器上执行一个 IBM DB2® pureScale® 安装,展示了这类最佳实践的优势。

最佳实践

为了让物理服务器为附加 VM 提供额外资源,优化硬件使用以使服务器性能最大化的需求越来越大。以下这组最佳实践建议可以帮助您确保最优配置的实现和维护。

1. 理解和记录服务器意图、目的和目标

记录服务器的目标不仅可以帮助系统架构师和管理员在一个有限列表上关注其规划,同时也提供了一个文档,可供新团队或成员将来使用该服务器时参考。即使使用模式并不是恒定不变的,通过维护团队使用服务器的协议来维护一个动态文档也是很有价值的。使用 IBM System Planning Tool (SPT) 完成这一步轻而易举。

2. 确保系统固件是最新的

要获得性能最优的虚拟机管理程序,安装带最新版本固件的系统以供使用。如果设置了一个 Hardware Management Console (HMC),您可以使用其维护功能进行更新。

图 1. 选择好服务器后,打开 “Updates” 任务查看 “Upgrade Licensed Internal Code to a new release” 选项。
选择好服务器后,打开 “Updates” 任务查看 “Upgrade Licensed Internal Code to a new release” 选项。

如果 HMC 不能用于更新服务器,还有一种方法可用,通过 IBM 支持站点 手动补丁,该站点也提供其他组件(比如 HMC 或 SPT)的补丁和更新。

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