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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMYSQL SET字段类型怎么查询

昨天自己在写一个dedecms功能时突然用到了解dedecms中flag字段,但里面用的是set类型,开始直接查询where = xx 可查出单字符,但是多个是就不好查了,下面我来总结一下set字段查询方法吧。

SET可以包含最多64个成员,其值为一个整数。(SET类型基础请查阅 mysql数据类型之set类型 )这个整数的二进制码表示该SET的值的哪些成员为真。例如有`Status` set

 代码如下 复制代码
('ForSale','AuthSuccess','AuditSuccess','IntentionReached','SaleCanceled'),那么它们的值为:
SET member    Decimal value    Binary value
-----------------------------
ForSale         1       0001
AuthSuccess     2       0010
AuditSuccess    4       0100
IntentionReached  8        1000

如果将9存入Status字段,那么其二进制值为1001,也就是说这个值中'ForSale'和'IntentionReached'为真。
可以想到,如果这样的话,大家可以用LIKE命令和 FIND_IN_SET() 函数来检索SET值:

 代码如下 复制代码
SELECT * FROM tbl_name WHERE Status LIKE '%value%';
 
SELECT * FROM tbl_name WHERE FIND_IN_SET('value',Status)>0;

当然,以下SQL语句也是合法的,他们显得更加简洁(注意两个成员的顺序及连接符,):

 代码如下 复制代码
SELECT * FROM tbl_name WHERE Status = 'ForSale,IntentionReached';同时我们还可以直接使用数值来查询:
SELECT * FROM tbl_name WHERE Status = 9

因为SET类型的成员的位置都是固定的,数值9永远表示'ForSale'和'IntentionReached'为真;这样即使以后再添加了一个状态,也不会影响之前的查询逻辑。我们再来看看修改SET类型字段的SQL语句使用技巧:
修改Status让其'ForSale'成员为真

 代码如下 复制代码
 UPDATE tbl_name SET Status = 1  WHERE Id = 333

修改Status让其'ForSale'、'AuthSuccess'、'IntentionReached' 成员为真

 代码如下 复制代码
UPDATE tbl_name SET Status = 1 | 2 | 4  WHERE Id = 333;

在确认目前状态为7时去掉'ForSale'成员,让7也作为操作的条件是确保目前状态就是为7,如果没有此需求可直接 SET

 代码如下 复制代码
Status = 6 ;
UPDATE tbl_name SET Status = 7 & ~1  WHERE Id = 333;

呵呵,利用SET类型保存权限等数据确实让开发方便清晰了不少哇。

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