现在很多程序员在设计数据库与开发程序时都不会考虑到大负载,有时一点数据量就出现了卡机,这样越到后面越难查了,下面我们来给出一个mysql自带的工具mysqldumpslow来帮你查出查询慢的sql语句
对于大多数的程序员来说,最容易发现并解决的问题就是MySQL的慢查询或者没有利用索引的查询,所以这里主要给大家介绍如何利用官方的dumlow工具方便的查看这些信息。如何打开MySQL的慢查询,
MySQL的慢查询记录
SHOW STATUS
直接在命令行下登陆MySQL运行SHOW STATUS;查询语句,详细如下图
同样的语句还有SHOW VARIABLES;,SHOW STATUS是查看MySQL运行情况,和上面那种通过pma查看到的信息基本类似。
SHOW VARIABLES
SHOW VARIABLES是查看MySQL的配置参数,还可以使用类似SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'Key%'
SHOW PROCESSLIST
SHOW PROCESSLIST是查看当前正在进行的进程,对于有锁表等情况的排查很有用处。一般情况下,打开MySQL的慢查询记录同样有利于排查。
SHOW OPEN TABLES
SHOW OPEN TABLES是显示当前已经被打开的表列表。
mysqladmin status
使用MySQL自带的mysqladmin 工具查看status,使用以下命令
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
mysqladmin -uroot --password='password' status |
显示的结果如下:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
Uptime: 87117 Threads: 1 Questions: 5481626 Slow queries: 16 Opens: 2211 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 512 Queries per second avg: 62.923 |
另外可以添加 -i 5 参数,让其每五秒自动刷新之。
代码如下 | 复制代码 | ||||
|
好了再回归文件
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
mysqldumpslow命令 /path/mysqldumpslow -s c -t 10 /database/mysql/slow-log |
这会输出记录次数最多的10条SQL语句,其中:
-s, 是表示按照何种方式排序,c、t、l、r分别是按照记录次数、时间、查询时间、返回的记录数来排序,ac、at、al、ar,表示相应的倒叙;
-t, 是top n的意思,即为返回前面多少条的数据;
-g, 后边可以写一个正则匹配模式,大小写不敏感的;
比如
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
/path/mysqldumpslow -s r -t 10 /database/mysql/slow-log |
得到返回记录集最多的10个查询。
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
/path/mysqldumpslow -s t -t 10 -g “left join” /database/mysql/slow-log |
得到按照时间排序的前10条里面含有左连接的查询语句。
小结
使用mysqldumpslow命令可以非常明确的得到各种我们需要的查询语句,对MySQL查询语句的监控、分析、优化是MySQL优化的第一步,也是非常重要的一步。

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